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PHP Version 5.6.40

System Windows NT iZ4r4b31413jd2Z 10.0 build 14393 (Windows Server 2016) AMD64
Build Date Jan 9 2019 15:05:36
Compiler MSVC11 (Visual C++ 2012)
Architecture x64
Configure Command cscript /nologo configure.js "--enable-snapshot-build" "--enable-debug-pack" "--disable-zts" "--disable-isapi" "--disable-nsapi" "--without-mssql" "--without-pdo-mssql" "--without-pi3web" "--with-pdo-oci=c:\php-sdk\oracle\x64\instantclient_12_1\sdk,shared" "--with-oci8-12c=c:\php-sdk\oracle\x64\instantclient_12_1\sdk,shared" "--with-enchant=shared" "--enable-object-out-dir=../obj/" "--enable-com-dotnet=shared" "--with-mcrypt=static" "--without-analyzer" "--with-pgo"
Server API CGI/FastCGI
Virtual Directory Support disabled
Configuration File (php.ini) Path C:\Windows
Loaded Configuration File D:\PHPWEB\php\php.ini
Scan this dir for additional .ini files (none)
Additional .ini files parsed (none)
PHP API 20131106
PHP Extension 20131226
Zend Extension 220131226
Zend Extension Build API220131226,NTS,VC11
PHP Extension Build API20131226,NTS,VC11
Debug Build no
Thread Safety disabled
Zend Signal Handling disabled
Zend Memory Manager enabled
Zend Multibyte Support provided by mbstring
IPv6 Support enabled
DTrace Support disabled
Registered PHP Streamsphp, file, glob, data, http, ftp, zip, compress.zlib, compress.bzip2, https, ftps, phar
Registered Stream Socket Transportstcp, udp, ssl, sslv3, tls, tlsv1.0, tlsv1.1, tlsv1.2
Registered Stream Filtersconvert.iconv.*, mcrypt.*, mdecrypt.*, string.rot13, string.toupper, string.tolower, string.strip_tags, convert.*, consumed, dechunk, zlib.*, bzip2.*
Zend logo This program makes use of the Zend Scripting Language Engine:
Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies

Configuration

bcmath

BCMath support enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
bcmath.scale00

bz2

BZip2 Support Enabled
Stream Wrapper support compress.bzip2://
Stream Filter support bzip2.decompress, bzip2.compress
BZip2 Version 1.0.6, 6-Sept-2010

calendar

Calendar support enabled

cgi-fcgi

DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
cgi.check_shebang_line11
cgi.discard_path00
cgi.fix_pathinfo11
cgi.force_redirect00
cgi.nph00
cgi.redirect_status_envno valueno value
cgi.rfc2616_headers00
fastcgi.impersonate11
fastcgi.logging11

Core

PHP Version 5.6.40
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
allow_url_fopenOnOn
allow_url_includeOffOff
always_populate_raw_post_data00
arg_separator.input&&
arg_separator.output&&
asp_tagsOffOff
auto_append_fileno valueno value
auto_globals_jitOnOn
auto_prepend_fileno valueno value
browscapno valueno value
default_charsetUTF-8UTF-8
default_mimetypetext/htmltext/html
disable_classesno valueno value
disable_functionsexec,system,passthru,popen,pclose,shell_exec,proc_open,dl,chmodexec,system,passthru,popen,pclose,shell_exec,proc_open,dl,chmod
display_errorsOffOff
display_startup_errorsOffOff
doc_rootno valueno value
docref_extno valueno value
docref_rootno valueno value
enable_dlOffOff
enable_post_data_readingOnOn
error_append_stringno valueno value
error_logsyslogsyslog
error_prepend_stringno valueno value
error_reporting2252722527
exit_on_timeoutOffOff
expose_phpOnOn
extension_dir./ext./ext
file_uploadsOnOn
highlight.comment#FF8000#FF8000
highlight.default#0000BB#0000BB
highlight.html#000000#000000
highlight.keyword#007700#007700
highlight.string#DD0000#DD0000
html_errorsOnOn
ignore_repeated_errorsOffOff
ignore_repeated_sourceOffOff
ignore_user_abortOffOff
implicit_flushOffOff
include_path.;C:\php\pear;D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\core/Extend/Vendor/.;C:\php\pear
input_encodingno valueno value
internal_encodingno valueno value
log_errorsOnOn
log_errors_max_len10241024
mail.add_x_headerOnOn
mail.force_extra_parametersno valueno value
mail.logno valueno value
max_execution_time180180
max_file_uploads200200
max_input_nesting_level6464
max_input_time6060
max_input_vars10001000
memory_limit128M128M
open_basedirno valueno value
output_buffering40964096
output_encodingno valueno value
output_handlerno valueno value
post_max_size200M200M
precision1414
realpath_cache_size16K16K
realpath_cache_ttl120120
register_argc_argvOffOff
report_memleaksOnOn
report_zend_debugOnOn
request_orderCGPCGP
sendmail_fromno valueno value
sendmail_pathno valueno value
serialize_precision1717
short_open_tagOnOn
SMTPlocalhostlocalhost
smtp_port2525
sql.safe_modeOffOff
sys_temp_dirno valueno value
track_errorsOffOff
unserialize_callback_funcno valueno value
upload_max_filesize200M200M
upload_tmp_dirD:\PHPWEB\php\temp\D:\PHPWEB\php\temp\
user_dirno valueno value
user_ini.cache_ttl300300
user_ini.filename.user.ini.user.ini
variables_orderGPCSGPCS
windows.show_crt_warningOffOff
xmlrpc_error_number00
xmlrpc_errorsOffOff
zend.detect_unicodeOnOn
zend.enable_gcOnOn
zend.multibyteOffOff
zend.script_encodingno valueno value

ctype

ctype functions enabled

curl

cURL support enabled
cURL Information 7.59.0
Age 4
Features
AsynchDNS Yes
CharConv No
Debug No
GSS-Negotiate No
IDN Yes
IPv6 Yes
krb4 No
Largefile Yes
libz Yes
NTLM Yes
NTLMWB No
SPNEGO Yes
SSL Yes
SSPI Yes
TLS-SRP No
Protocols dict, file, ftp, ftps, gopher, http, https, imap, imaps, ldap, pop3, pop3s, rtsp, scp, sftp, smb, smbs, smtp, smtps, telnet, tftp
Host x86_64-pc-win32
SSL Version OpenSSL/1.0.2q
ZLib Version 1.2.7.3
libSSH Version libssh2/1.8.0

date

date/time support enabled
"Olson" Timezone Database Version 2016.10
Timezone Database internal
Default timezone PRC
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
date.default_latitude31.766731.7667
date.default_longitude35.233335.2333
date.sunrise_zenith90.58333390.583333
date.sunset_zenith90.58333390.583333
date.timezonePRCPRC

dom

DOM/XML enabled
DOM/XML API Version 20031129
libxml Version 2.9.4
HTML Support enabled
XPath Support enabled
XPointer Support enabled
Schema Support enabled
RelaxNG Support enabled

ereg

Regex Library Bundled library enabled

exif

EXIF Support enabled
EXIF Version 1.4 $Id: cad29b729548e4206f0697710cc9e177f26fdff3 $
Supported EXIF Version 0220
Supported filetypes JPEG,TIFF
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
exif.decode_jis_intelJISJIS
exif.decode_jis_motorolaJISJIS
exif.decode_unicode_intelUCS-2LEUCS-2LE
exif.decode_unicode_motorolaUCS-2BEUCS-2BE
exif.encode_jisno valueno value
exif.encode_unicodeISO-8859-15ISO-8859-15

filter

Input Validation and Filtering enabled
Revision $Id: 5b79667bd9a68977a9b4f7505223a8e216e04908 $
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
filter.defaultunsafe_rawunsafe_raw
filter.default_flagsno valueno value

ftp

FTP support enabled

gd

GD Support enabled
GD Version bundled (2.1.0 compatible)
FreeType Support enabled
FreeType Linkage with freetype
FreeType Version 2.7.0
GIF Read Support enabled
GIF Create Support enabled
JPEG Support enabled
libJPEG Version 9 compatible
PNG Support enabled
libPNG Version 1.5.26
WBMP Support enabled
XPM Support enabled
libXpm Version 30512
XBM Support enabled
WebP Support enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
gd.jpeg_ignore_warning00

hash

hash support enabled
Hashing Engines md2 md4 md5 sha1 sha224 sha256 sha384 sha512 ripemd128 ripemd160 ripemd256 ripemd320 whirlpool tiger128,3 tiger160,3 tiger192,3 tiger128,4 tiger160,4 tiger192,4 snefru snefru256 gost gost-crypto adler32 crc32 crc32b fnv132 fnv1a32 fnv164 fnv1a64 joaat haval128,3 haval160,3 haval192,3 haval224,3 haval256,3 haval128,4 haval160,4 haval192,4 haval224,4 haval256,4 haval128,5 haval160,5 haval192,5 haval224,5 haval256,5

iconv

iconv support enabled
iconv implementation "libiconv"
iconv library version 1.14
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
iconv.input_encodingno valueno value
iconv.internal_encodingno valueno value
iconv.output_encodingno valueno value

json

json support enabled
json version 1.2.1

libxml

libXML support active
libXML Compiled Version 2.9.4
libXML Loaded Version 20904
libXML streams enabled

mbstring

Multibyte Support enabled
Multibyte string engine libmbfl
HTTP input encoding translation disabled
libmbfl version 1.3.2
mbstring extension makes use of "streamable kanji code filter and converter", which is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1.
Multibyte (japanese) regex support enabled
Multibyte regex (oniguruma) version 5.9.5
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mbstring.detect_orderno valueno value
mbstring.encoding_translationOffOff
mbstring.func_overload00
mbstring.http_inputno valueno value
mbstring.http_outputno valueno value
mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetypes^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)
mbstring.internal_encodingno valueno value
mbstring.languageneutralneutral
mbstring.strict_detectionOffOff
mbstring.substitute_characterno valueno value

mcrypt

mcrypt supportenabled
mcrypt_filter supportenabled
Version 2.5.8
Api No 20021217
Supported ciphers cast-128 gost rijndael-128 twofish cast-256 loki97 rijndael-192 saferplus wake blowfish-compat des rijndael-256 serpent xtea blowfish enigma rc2 tripledes arcfour
Supported modes cbc cfb ctr ecb ncfb nofb ofb stream
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mcrypt.algorithms_dirno valueno value
mcrypt.modes_dirno valueno value

mhash

MHASH support Enabled
MHASH API Version Emulated Support

mysql

MySQL Supportenabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 1
Client API version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mysql.allow_local_infileOnOn
mysql.allow_persistentOnOn
mysql.connect_timeout6060
mysql.default_hostno valueno value
mysql.default_passwordno valueno value
mysql.default_portno valueno value
mysql.default_socketno valueno value
mysql.default_userno valueno value
mysql.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
mysql.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited
mysql.trace_modeOffOff

mysqli

MysqlI Supportenabled
Client API library version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
Active Persistent Links 0
Inactive Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mysqli.allow_local_infileOnOn
mysqli.allow_persistentOnOn
mysqli.default_hostno valueno value
mysqli.default_port33063306
mysqli.default_pwno valueno value
mysqli.default_socketno valueno value
mysqli.default_userno valueno value
mysqli.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
mysqli.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited
mysqli.reconnectOffOff
mysqli.rollback_on_cached_plinkOffOff

mysqlnd

mysqlndenabled
Version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
Compression supported
core SSL supported
extended SSL not supported
Command buffer size 4096
Read buffer size 32768
Read timeout 31536000
Collecting statistics Yes
Collecting memory statistics No
Tracing n/a
Loaded plugins mysqlnd,debug_trace,auth_plugin_mysql_native_password,auth_plugin_mysql_clear_password
API Extensions mysql,mysqli,pdo_mysql
mysqlnd statistics
bytes_sent 1103969
bytes_received 24475895
packets_sent 21426
packets_received 167566
protocol_overhead_in 670264
protocol_overhead_out 85704
bytes_received_ok_packet 0
bytes_received_eof_packet 0
bytes_received_rset_header_packet 84609
bytes_received_rset_field_meta_packet 0
bytes_received_rset_row_packet 60780
bytes_received_prepare_response_packet 8185044
bytes_received_change_user_packet 16072002
packets_sent_command 10343
packets_received_ok 0
packets_received_eof 0
packets_received_rset_header 9401
packets_received_rset_field_meta 0
packets_received_rset_row 9789
packets_received_prepare_response 118637
packets_received_change_user 28999
result_set_queries 9216
non_result_set_queries 536
no_index_used 5345
bad_index_used 0
slow_queries 0
buffered_sets 9216
unbuffered_sets 0
ps_buffered_sets 0
ps_unbuffered_sets 0
flushed_normal_sets 0
flushed_ps_sets 0
ps_prepared_never_executed 0
ps_prepared_once_executed 0
rows_fetched_from_server_normal 19783
rows_fetched_from_server_ps 0
rows_buffered_from_client_normal 19783
rows_buffered_from_client_ps 0
rows_fetched_from_client_normal_buffered 19783
rows_fetched_from_client_normal_unbuffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_buffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_unbuffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_cursor 0
rows_affected_normal 151
rows_affected_ps 0
rows_skipped_normal 19783
rows_skipped_ps 0
copy_on_write_saved 43224
copy_on_write_performed 328003
command_buffer_too_small 0
connect_success 185
connect_failure 0
connection_reused 0
reconnect 0
pconnect_success 0
active_connections 18446744073709551433
active_persistent_connections 0
explicit_close 184
implicit_close 0
disconnect_close 0
in_middle_of_command_close 0
explicit_free_result 9215
implicit_free_result 0
explicit_stmt_close 0
implicit_stmt_close 0
mem_emalloc_count 0
mem_emalloc_amount 0
mem_ecalloc_count 0
mem_ecalloc_amount 0
mem_erealloc_count 0
mem_erealloc_amount 0
mem_efree_count 0
mem_efree_amount 0
mem_malloc_count 0
mem_malloc_amount 0
mem_calloc_count 0
mem_calloc_amount 0
mem_realloc_count 0
mem_realloc_amount 0
mem_free_count 0
mem_free_amount 0
mem_estrndup_count 0
mem_strndup_count 0
mem_estndup_count 0
mem_strdup_count 0
proto_text_fetched_null 0
proto_text_fetched_bit 0
proto_text_fetched_tinyint 33296
proto_text_fetched_short 111903
proto_text_fetched_int24 13532
proto_text_fetched_int 16273
proto_text_fetched_bigint 105
proto_text_fetched_decimal 0
proto_text_fetched_float 0
proto_text_fetched_double 0
proto_text_fetched_date 0
proto_text_fetched_year 0
proto_text_fetched_time 0
proto_text_fetched_datetime 0
proto_text_fetched_timestamp 0
proto_text_fetched_string 169805
proto_text_fetched_blob 0
proto_text_fetched_enum 1049
proto_text_fetched_set 0
proto_text_fetched_geometry 0
proto_text_fetched_other 0
proto_binary_fetched_null 0
proto_binary_fetched_bit 0
proto_binary_fetched_tinyint 0
proto_binary_fetched_short 0
proto_binary_fetched_int24 0
proto_binary_fetched_int 0
proto_binary_fetched_bigint 0
proto_binary_fetched_decimal 0
proto_binary_fetched_float 0
proto_binary_fetched_double 0
proto_binary_fetched_date 0
proto_binary_fetched_year 0
proto_binary_fetched_time 0
proto_binary_fetched_datetime 0
proto_binary_fetched_timestamp 0
proto_binary_fetched_string 0
proto_binary_fetched_json 0
proto_binary_fetched_blob 0
proto_binary_fetched_enum 0
proto_binary_fetched_set 0
proto_binary_fetched_geometry 0
proto_binary_fetched_other 0
init_command_executed_count 0
init_command_failed_count 0
com_quit 184
com_init_db 185
com_query 9789
com_field_list 0
com_create_db 0
com_drop_db 0
com_refresh 0
com_shutdown 0
com_statistics 0
com_process_info 0
com_connect 0
com_process_kill 0
com_debug 0
com_ping 0
com_time 0
com_delayed_insert 0
com_change_user 0
com_binlog_dump 0
com_table_dump 0
com_connect_out 0
com_register_slave 0
com_stmt_prepare 0
com_stmt_execute 0
com_stmt_send_long_data 0
com_stmt_close 0
com_stmt_reset 0
com_stmt_set_option 185
com_stmt_fetch 0
com_deamon 0
bytes_received_real_data_normal 15582668
bytes_received_real_data_ps 0

odbc

ODBC Supportenabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
ODBC library Win32
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
odbc.allow_persistentOnOn
odbc.check_persistentOnOn
odbc.default_cursortypeStatic cursorStatic cursor
odbc.default_dbno valueno value
odbc.default_pwno valueno value
odbc.default_userno valueno value
odbc.defaultbinmodereturn as isreturn as is
odbc.defaultlrlreturn up to 4096 bytesreturn up to 4096 bytes
odbc.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
odbc.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited

openssl

OpenSSL support enabled
OpenSSL Library Version OpenSSL 1.0.2q 20 Nov 2018
OpenSSL Header Version OpenSSL 1.0.2q 20 Nov 2018
Openssl default config c:/usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
openssl.cafileno valueno value
openssl.capathno valueno value

pcre

PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) Support enabled
PCRE Library Version 8.38 2015-11-23
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
pcre.backtrack_limit10000001000000
pcre.recursion_limit100000100000

PDO

PDO supportenabled
PDO drivers mysql, odbc, pgsql, sqlite

pdo_mysql

PDO Driver for MySQLenabled
Client API version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $

PDO_ODBC

PDO Driver for ODBC (Win32)enabled
ODBC Connection Pooling Enabled, strict matching

pdo_pgsql

PDO Driver for PostgreSQLenabled
PostgreSQL(libpq) Version 9.6.2
Module version 1.0.2
Revision $Id: 0e858dd2051ca8c2fd3c781909a0670ab5fecd36 $

pdo_sqlite

PDO Driver for SQLite 3.xenabled
SQLite Library 3.8.10.2

pgsql

PostgreSQL Supportenabled
PostgreSQL(libpq) Version 9.6.2
PostgreSQL(libpq) PostgreSQL 9.6.2 (win32)
Multibyte character support enabled
SSL support enabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
pgsql.allow_persistentOnOn
pgsql.auto_reset_persistentOffOff
pgsql.ignore_noticeOffOff
pgsql.log_noticeOffOff
pgsql.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
pgsql.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited

Phar

Phar: PHP Archive supportenabled
Phar EXT version 2.0.2
Phar API version 1.1.1
SVN revision $Id: 6e5cec2462a6ded53d4379ea9a69487a60d5c43c $
Phar-based phar archives enabled
Tar-based phar archives enabled
ZIP-based phar archives enabled
gzip compression enabled
bzip2 compression enabled
OpenSSL support enabled
Phar based on pear/PHP_Archive, original concept by Davey Shafik.
Phar fully realized by Gregory Beaver and Marcus Boerger.
Portions of tar implementation Copyright (c) 2003-2009 Tim Kientzle.
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
phar.cache_listno valueno value
phar.readonlyOnOn
phar.require_hashOnOn

Reflection

Reflectionenabled
Version $Id: 5f15287237d5f78d75b19c26915aa7bd83dee8b8 $

session

Session Support enabled
Registered save handlers files user
Registered serializer handlers php_serialize php php_binary wddx
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
session.auto_startOffOff
session.cache_expire180180
session.cache_limiternocachenocache
session.cookie_domainno valueno value
session.cookie_httponlyOffOff
session.cookie_lifetime00
session.cookie_path//
session.cookie_secureOffOff
session.entropy_fileno valueno value
session.entropy_length00
session.gc_divisor10001000
session.gc_maxlifetime14401440
session.gc_probability11
session.hash_bits_per_character55
session.hash_function00
session.namePHPSESSIDPHPSESSID
session.referer_checkno valueno value
session.save_handlerfilesfiles
session.save_pathD:\PHPWEB\php\temp\D:\PHPWEB\php\temp\
session.serialize_handlerphpphp
session.upload_progress.cleanupOnOn
session.upload_progress.enabledOnOn
session.upload_progress.freq1%1%
session.upload_progress.min_freq11
session.upload_progress.namePHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESSPHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS
session.upload_progress.prefixupload_progress_upload_progress_
session.use_cookiesOnOn
session.use_only_cookiesOnOn
session.use_strict_modeOffOff
session.use_trans_sid00

SimpleXML

Simplexml supportenabled
Revision $Id: d7077fc935154236afb4fe70814ba358efdbdca4 $
Schema support enabled

SPL

SPL supportenabled
Interfaces Countable, OuterIterator, RecursiveIterator, SeekableIterator, SplObserver, SplSubject
Classes AppendIterator, ArrayIterator, ArrayObject, BadFunctionCallException, BadMethodCallException, CachingIterator, CallbackFilterIterator, DirectoryIterator, DomainException, EmptyIterator, FilesystemIterator, FilterIterator, GlobIterator, InfiniteIterator, InvalidArgumentException, IteratorIterator, LengthException, LimitIterator, LogicException, MultipleIterator, NoRewindIterator, OutOfBoundsException, OutOfRangeException, OverflowException, ParentIterator, RangeException, RecursiveArrayIterator, RecursiveCachingIterator, RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator, RecursiveDirectoryIterator, RecursiveFilterIterator, RecursiveIteratorIterator, RecursiveRegexIterator, RecursiveTreeIterator, RegexIterator, RuntimeException, SplDoublyLinkedList, SplFileInfo, SplFileObject, SplFixedArray, SplHeap, SplMinHeap, SplMaxHeap, SplObjectStorage, SplPriorityQueue, SplQueue, SplStack, SplTempFileObject, UnderflowException, UnexpectedValueException

sqlite3

SQLite3 supportenabled
SQLite3 module version 0.7-dev
SQLite Library 3.8.10.2
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
sqlite3.extension_dirno valueno value

standard

Dynamic Library Support enabled
Internal Sendmail Support for Windows enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
assert.active11
assert.bail00
assert.callbackno valueno value
assert.quiet_eval00
assert.warning11
auto_detect_line_endings00
default_socket_timeout6060
fromno valueno value
url_rewriter.tagsa=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentrya=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry
user_agentno valueno value

tokenizer

Tokenizer Support enabled

wddx

WDDX Supportenabled
WDDX Session Serializer enabled

xml

XML Support active
XML Namespace Support active
libxml2 Version 2.9.4

xmlreader

XMLReader enabled

xmlwriter

XMLWriter enabled

zip

Zip enabled
Zip version 1.12.5
Libzip version 0.11.2

zlib

ZLib Supportenabled
Stream Wrapper compress.zlib://
Stream Filter zlib.inflate, zlib.deflate
Compiled Version 1.2.7.3
Linked Version 1.2.7.3
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
zlib.output_compressionOffOff
zlib.output_compression_level-1-1
zlib.output_handlerno valueno value

Additional Modules

Module Name

Environment

VariableValue
_FCGI_X_PIPE_ \\.\pipe\IISFCGI-e8b719a8-be2a-4fbc-9bed-626ca3bbaedd
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS 10000
ALLUSERSPROFILE C:\ProgramData
APPDATA C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Roaming
APP_POOL_CONFIG C:\inetpub\temp\apppools\wwwroot\wwwroot.config
APP_POOL_ID wwwroot
CommonProgramFiles C:\Program Files\Common Files
CommonProgramFiles(x86) C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
CommonProgramW6432 C:\Program Files\Common Files
COMPUTERNAME iZ4r4b31413jd2Z
ComSpec C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
LOCALAPPDATA C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS 2
OS Windows_NT
Path C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;C:\sslctlw;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps
PATHEXT .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE AMD64
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
PROCESSOR_LEVEL 6
PROCESSOR_REVISION 5504
ProgramData C:\ProgramData
ProgramFiles C:\Program Files
ProgramFiles(x86) C:\Program Files (x86)
ProgramW6432 C:\Program Files
PSModulePath C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\PowerShell\Modules\
PUBLIC C:\Users\Public
SystemDrive C:
SystemRoot C:\Windows
TEMP C:\Windows\TEMP
TMP C:\Windows\TEMP
USERDOMAIN WORKGROUP
USERNAME iZ4r4b31413jd2Z$
USERPROFILE C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile
windir C:\Windows

PHP Variables

VariableValue
_REQUEST["aid"]12115
_REQUEST["_URL_"]
Array
(
    [0] => index
    [1] => view
    [2] => aid
    [3] => 12115
)
_GET["aid"]12115
_GET["_URL_"]
Array
(
    [0] => index
    [1] => view
    [2] => aid
    [3] => 12115
)
_SERVER["_FCGI_X_PIPE_"]\\.\pipe\IISFCGI-e8b719a8-be2a-4fbc-9bed-626ca3bbaedd
_SERVER["PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS"]10000
_SERVER["ALLUSERSPROFILE"]C:\ProgramData
_SERVER["APPDATA"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Roaming
_SERVER["APP_POOL_CONFIG"]C:\inetpub\temp\apppools\wwwroot\wwwroot.config
_SERVER["APP_POOL_ID"]wwwroot
_SERVER["CommonProgramFiles"]C:\Program Files\Common Files
_SERVER["CommonProgramFiles(x86)"]C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
_SERVER["CommonProgramW6432"]C:\Program Files\Common Files
_SERVER["COMPUTERNAME"]iZ4r4b31413jd2Z
_SERVER["ComSpec"]C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
_SERVER["LOCALAPPDATA"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local
_SERVER["NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS"]2
_SERVER["OS"]Windows_NT
_SERVER["Path"]C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;C:\sslctlw;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps
_SERVER["PATHEXT"].COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE"]AMD64
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER"]Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_LEVEL"]6
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_REVISION"]5504
_SERVER["ProgramData"]C:\ProgramData
_SERVER["ProgramFiles"]C:\Program Files
_SERVER["ProgramFiles(x86)"]C:\Program Files (x86)
_SERVER["ProgramW6432"]C:\Program Files
_SERVER["PSModulePath"]C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\PowerShell\Modules\
_SERVER["PUBLIC"]C:\Users\Public
_SERVER["SystemDrive"]C:
_SERVER["SystemRoot"]C:\Windows
_SERVER["TEMP"]C:\Windows\TEMP
_SERVER["TMP"]C:\Windows\TEMP
_SERVER["USERDOMAIN"]WORKGROUP
_SERVER["USERNAME"]iZ4r4b31413jd2Z$
_SERVER["USERPROFILE"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile
_SERVER["windir"]C:\Windows
_SERVER["ORIG_PATH_INFO"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/12115.html
_SERVER["URL"]/admin.php
_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]Microsoft-IIS/10.0
_SERVER["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]HTTP/1.1
_SERVER["SERVER_PORT_SECURE"]1
_SERVER["SERVER_PORT"]443
_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"]www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]/admin.php
_SERVER["SCRIPT_FILENAME"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\admin.php
_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/12115.html
_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"]GET
_SERVER["REMOTE_USER"]no value
_SERVER["REMOTE_PORT"]25261
_SERVER["REMOTE_HOST"]216.73.216.49
_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]216.73.216.49
_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"]no value
_SERVER["PATH_TRANSLATED"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\admin.php\index\view\aid\12115.html
_SERVER["PATH_INFO"]/index/view/aid/12115
_SERVER["LOGON_USER"]no value
_SERVER["LOCAL_ADDR"]172.16.121.93
_SERVER["INSTANCE_META_PATH"]/LM/W3SVC/1
_SERVER["INSTANCE_NAME"]WWWROOT
_SERVER["INSTANCE_ID"]1
_SERVER["HTTPS_SERVER_SUBJECT"]CN=www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["HTTPS_SERVER_ISSUER"]C=PL, O=Asseco Data Systems S.A., CN=Certum DV TLS G2 R39 CA
_SERVER["HTTPS_SECRETKEYSIZE"]2048
_SERVER["HTTPS_KEYSIZE"]256
_SERVER["HTTPS"]on
_SERVER["GATEWAY_INTERFACE"]CGI/1.1
_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot
_SERVER["CONTENT_TYPE"]no value
_SERVER["CONTENT_LENGTH"]0
_SERVER["CERT_SUBJECT"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_SERIALNUMBER"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_ISSUER"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_FLAGS"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_COOKIE"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_USER"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_PASSWORD"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_TYPE"]no value
_SERVER["APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\
_SERVER["APPL_MD_PATH"]/LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT
_SERVER["IIS_UrlRewriteModule"]7.1.0871.0
_SERVER["HTTP_USER_AGENT"]Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
_SERVER["HTTP_HOST"]www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"]gzip, br, zstd, deflate
_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT"]*/*
_SERVER["HTTP_CONNECTION"]close
_SERVER["FCGI_ROLE"]RESPONDER
_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/12115.html
_SERVER["REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT"]1789708672.2927
_SERVER["REQUEST_TIME"]1789708672

PHP Credits

PHP Group
Thies C. Arntzen, Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Andi Gutmans, Rasmus Lerdorf, Sam Ruby, Sascha Schumann, Zeev Suraski, Jim Winstead, Andrei Zmievski
Language Design & Concept
Andi Gutmans, Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Marcus Boerger
PHP Authors
ContributionAuthors
Zend Scripting Language Engine Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski, Stanislav Malyshev, Marcus Boerger, Dmitry Stogov, Xinchen Hui, Nikita Popov
Extension Module API Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski, Andrei Zmievski
UNIX Build and Modularization Stig Bakken, Sascha Schumann, Jani Taskinen
Windows Port Shane Caraveo, Zeev Suraski, Wez Furlong, Pierre-Alain Joye, Anatol Belski
Server API (SAPI) Abstraction Layer Andi Gutmans, Shane Caraveo, Zeev Suraski
Streams Abstraction Layer Wez Furlong, Sara Golemon
PHP Data Objects Layer Wez Furlong, Marcus Boerger, Sterling Hughes, George Schlossnagle, Ilia Alshanetsky
Output Handler Zeev Suraski, Thies C. Arntzen, Marcus Boerger, Michael Wallner
SAPI Modules
ContributionAuthors
AOLserver Sascha Schumann
Apache 1.3 (apache_hooks) Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Stig Bakken, David Sklar, George Schlossnagle, Lukas Schroeder
Apache 1.3 Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Stig Bakken, David Sklar
Apache 2.0 Filter Sascha Schumann, Aaron Bannert
Apache 2.0 Handler Ian Holsman, Justin Erenkrantz (based on Apache 2.0 Filter code)
Caudium / Roxen David Hedbor
CGI / FastCGI Rasmus Lerdorf, Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Dmitry Stogov
CLI Edin Kadribasic, Marcus Boerger, Johannes Schlueter, Moriyoshi Koizumi, Xinchen Hui
Continuity Alex Leigh (based on nsapi code)
Embed Edin Kadribasic
FastCGI Process Manager Andrei Nigmatulin, dreamcat4, Antony Dovgal, Jerome Loyet
ISAPI Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski
litespeed George Wang
NSAPI Jayakumar Muthukumarasamy, Uwe Schindler
phpdbg Felipe Pena, Joe Watkins, Bob Weinand
phttpd Thies C. Arntzen
pi3web Holger Zimmermann
Sendmail Milter Harald Radi
thttpd Sascha Schumann
tux Sascha Schumann
WebJames Alex Waugh
Module Authors
ModuleAuthors
BC Math Andi Gutmans
Bzip2 Sterling Hughes
Calendar Shane Caraveo, Colin Viebrock, Hartmut Holzgraefe, Wez Furlong
COM and .Net Wez Furlong
ctype Hartmut Holzgraefe
cURL Sterling Hughes
Date/Time Support Derick Rethans
DB-LIB (MS SQL, Sybase) Wez Furlong, Frank M. Kromann
DBA Sascha Schumann, Marcus Boerger
DOM Christian Stocker, Rob Richards, Marcus Boerger
enchant Pierre-Alain Joye, Ilia Alshanetsky
ereg Rasmus Lerdorf, Jim Winstead, Jaakko Hyvätti
EXIF Rasmus Lerdorf, Marcus Boerger
fileinfo Ilia Alshanetsky, Pierre Alain Joye, Scott MacVicar, Derick Rethans
Firebird driver for PDO Ard Biesheuvel
FTP Stefan Esser, Andrew Skalski
GD imaging Rasmus Lerdorf, Stig Bakken, Jim Winstead, Jouni Ahto, Ilia Alshanetsky, Pierre-Alain Joye, Marcus Boerger
GetText Alex Plotnick
GNU GMP support Stanislav Malyshev
Iconv Rui Hirokawa, Stig Bakken, Moriyoshi Koizumi
IMAP Rex Logan, Mark Musone, Brian Wang, Kaj-Michael Lang, Antoni Pamies Olive, Rasmus Lerdorf, Andrew Skalski, Chuck Hagenbuch, Daniel R Kalowsky
Input Filter Rasmus Lerdorf, Derick Rethans, Pierre-Alain Joye, Ilia Alshanetsky
InterBase Jouni Ahto, Andrew Avdeev, Ard Biesheuvel
Internationalization Ed Batutis, Vladimir Iordanov, Dmitry Lakhtyuk, Stanislav Malyshev, Vadim Savchuk, Kirti Velankar
JSON Omar Kilani, Scott MacVicar
LDAP Amitay Isaacs, Eric Warnke, Rasmus Lerdorf, Gerrit Thomson, Stig Venaas
LIBXML Christian Stocker, Rob Richards, Marcus Boerger, Wez Furlong, Shane Caraveo
mcrypt Sascha Schumann, Derick Rethans
MS SQL Frank M. Kromann
Multibyte String Functions Tsukada Takuya, Rui Hirokawa
MySQL driver for PDO George Schlossnagle, Wez Furlong, Ilia Alshanetsky, Johannes Schlueter
MySQL Zeev Suraski, Zak Greant, Georg Richter, Andrey Hristov
MySQLi Zak Greant, Georg Richter, Andrey Hristov, Ulf Wendel
MySQLnd Andrey Hristov, Ulf Wendel, Georg Richter, Johannes Schlüter
OCI8 Stig Bakken, Thies C. Arntzen, Andy Sautins, David Benson, Maxim Maletsky, Harald Radi, Antony Dovgal, Andi Gutmans, Wez Furlong, Christopher Jones, Oracle Corporation
ODBC driver for PDO Wez Furlong
ODBC Stig Bakken, Andreas Karajannis, Frank M. Kromann, Daniel R. Kalowsky
OpenSSL Stig Venaas, Wez Furlong, Sascha Kettler, Scott MacVicar
Oracle (OCI) driver for PDO Wez Furlong
pcntl Jason Greene, Arnaud Le Blanc
Perl Compatible Regexps Andrei Zmievski
PHP Archive Gregory Beaver, Marcus Boerger
PHP Data Objects Wez Furlong, Marcus Boerger, Sterling Hughes, George Schlossnagle, Ilia Alshanetsky
PHP hash Sara Golemon, Rasmus Lerdorf, Stefan Esser, Michael Wallner, Scott MacVicar
Posix Kristian Koehntopp
PostgreSQL driver for PDO Edin Kadribasic, Ilia Alshanetsky
PostgreSQL Jouni Ahto, Zeev Suraski, Yasuo Ohgaki, Chris Kings-Lynne
Pspell Vlad Krupin
Readline Thies C. Arntzen
Recode Kristian Koehntopp
Reflection Marcus Boerger, Timm Friebe, George Schlossnagle, Andrei Zmievski, Johannes Schlueter
Sessions Sascha Schumann, Andrei Zmievski
Shared Memory Operations Slava Poliakov, Ilia Alshanetsky
SimpleXML Sterling Hughes, Marcus Boerger, Rob Richards
SNMP Rasmus Lerdorf, Harrie Hazewinkel, Mike Jackson, Steven Lawrance, Johann Hanne, Boris Lytochkin
SOAP Brad Lafountain, Shane Caraveo, Dmitry Stogov
Sockets Chris Vandomelen, Sterling Hughes, Daniel Beulshausen, Jason Greene
SPL Marcus Boerger, Etienne Kneuss
SQLite 3.x driver for PDO Wez Furlong
SQLite3 Scott MacVicar, Ilia Alshanetsky, Brad Dewar
Sybase-CT Zeev Suraski, Tom May, Timm Friebe
System V Message based IPC Wez Furlong
System V Semaphores Tom May
System V Shared Memory Christian Cartus
tidy John Coggeshall, Ilia Alshanetsky
tokenizer Andrei Zmievski, Johannes Schlueter
WDDX Andrei Zmievski
XML Stig Bakken, Thies C. Arntzen, Sterling Hughes
XMLReader Rob Richards
xmlrpc Dan Libby
XMLWriter Rob Richards, Pierre-Alain Joye
XSL Christian Stocker, Rob Richards
Zip Pierre-Alain Joye, Remi Collet
Zlib Rasmus Lerdorf, Stefan Roehrich, Zeev Suraski, Jade Nicoletti, Michael Wallner
PHP Documentation
Authors Mehdi Achour, Friedhelm Betz, Antony Dovgal, Nuno Lopes, Hannes Magnusson, Georg Richter, Damien Seguy, Jakub Vrana, Adam Harvey, Peter Cowburn
Editor Philip Olson
User Note Maintainers Daniel P. Brown, Thiago Henrique Pojda
Other Contributors Previously active authors, editors and other contributors are listed in the manual.
PHP Quality Assurance Team
Ilia Alshanetsky, Joerg Behrens, Antony Dovgal, Stefan Esser, Moriyoshi Koizumi, Magnus Maatta, Sebastian Nohn, Derick Rethans, Melvyn Sopacua, Jani Taskinen, Pierre-Alain Joye, Dmitry Stogov, Felipe Pena, David Soria Parra, Stanislav Malyshev, Julien Pauli, Stephen Zarkos, Anatol Belski, Remi Collet, Ferenc Kovacs
Websites and Infrastructure team
PHP Websites Team Rasmus Lerdorf, Hannes Magnusson, Philip Olson, Lukas Kahwe Smith, Pierre-Alain Joye, Kalle Sommer Nielsen, Peter Cowburn, Adam Harvey, Ferenc Kovacs, Levi Morrison
Event Maintainers Damien Seguy, Daniel P. Brown
Network Infrastructure Daniel P. Brown
Windows Infrastructure Alex Schoenmaker

PHP License

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the PHP License as published by the PHP Group and included in the distribution in the file: LICENSE

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

If you did not receive a copy of the PHP license, or have any questions about PHP licensing, please contact license@php.net.

医院经营管理网

医管智库MEDICAL TUBE

首页>医管智库>人力资源
如何培养医学生临床岗位胜任力?
提交者:发表时间:2018-9-5点击次数:4440来源:《医学与哲学》

“胜任力”一词由美国哈佛大学David McClelland教授于1973年首次提出,1999年美国毕业后医学教育认证委员会将临床医学岗位胜任力界定为住院医师应具备6大核心能力:照顾患者、医学知识、基于实践的学习和改进、人际和沟通能力、职业精神和素质、基于系统的实践[1]。加拿大皇家内科和外科学院提出针对医学专家的教育方向,即岗位胜任力体现为7种角色:医学专家、沟通者、合作者、管理者、健康促进者、学者和专业人士[2]。尽管不同国家、不同医学教育管理机构对岗位胜任力有不同的描述和解释,但医学教育的宗旨是通过临床实践教学使医学生都能深刻认识医疗岗位的需求,发挥主观能动性,提高临床知识、临床技能、人文素养以及创新能力,从而具备较强的岗位胜任力。本文拟就此做一探讨。

 1 确定不同层次人才的培养目标

根据医学人才培养层次,从本科生、硕士及博士研究生分别构建系统、连续、分层的人才培养目标体系,构建适合不同阶段的知识架构,努力做到共性培养下的个性化培养,强调医学基础理论与学科前沿知识的融合、医学科学与人文科学之间的整合等[3]。针对能力要求,强调医学人才自主学习和临床能力的培养,注重创新思维、创新研究等;针对素质要求,强调医学生职业道德和职业态度,提升职业素养及心理素质,提高医患沟通能力,目的是全方位、多渠道培养,提升医学人才岗位胜任力。

经过培养,本科生能熟练掌握临床基础知识及基本技能,能胜任基层临床医疗工作,具备较扎实的知识为攻读硕士学位做好准备;注重其解决临床基本问题、识别急危重症患者能力的培养。硕士研究生具有厚实的人文和社会科学知识,熟悉临床医学,熟悉专业领域的新技术、新进展,成为能够独立从事临床医疗、教学和科研工作的较高层次人才;经过住院医师规范化培训,能掌握专科临床技能、独立处理专科常见病,并能在上级医生指导下处理疑难危重患者,具备良好的沟通能力,满足大型医疗单位的需求。对于博士研究生,强调能够适应创新型大学及医院的人才需求,熟悉学科临床前沿,保持知识及技术更新能力,对疑难危重病例具有较强的判断及处理能力;熟悉临床流行病学及循证医学的研究方法,能够发现临床科学问题、开展临床科研、申请科研项目及熟练撰写学术论文。

2 整合临床教学内容

针对部分学科知识单一、相互割裂的问题,将原有学科内容进行整合,把多学科知识融为整体,实现知识融会贯通,使医学人才对待临床问题能够科学分析、提高综合应用能力[4]。目前,笔者所在医院已在临床医学专业临床课程中实施系统整合课程教学,开设6个~8个专科模块,分别涉及基础、内外科等,如在消化系统专科部分,消化性溃疡、肝硬化等由消化内科教师授课,食管癌由胸外科教师主讲,等等。同时,邀请医院医务部教师讲解医疗法律知识等,由内科、外科及相关学科教师同时授课,解决了以单一学科为主教学中内容分割、相互独立的问题。

医院根据多年来临床教学培训经验,整合内科、外科、妇产科、儿科、急救医学及护理学等多学科,构建了跨学科、多层次、综合性的临床技能培训体系。以模拟教学为主,例如,设计案例孕妇因腹痛到社区就诊,需要接诊医生进行问诊、查体及外科、妇产科急腹症的鉴别,简单处理后建议患者转诊至综合医院,转诊过程中发生车祸,需要针对外伤及孕妇生产、胎儿进行处理及急救。培训过程中4人~5人为一组,每个学员设定不同身份,1个人做组长,担任主治医师角色,安排另外2名住院医师做助手、1人担当护士角色,组长迅速判断病情,制定处理方案,安排2名“助手”就危及患者生命的主要问题着手,完成心电监护、外伤止血、骨折固定等操作,“护士”迅速建立静脉通路、吸氧、采血、输血等,针对“家属”情绪激动扰乱抢救,需要组长做好沟通及安慰工作,从“模拟处置患者”过程训练医学生的临床执行力。

近年来,笔者在培训医学生参加全国高等医学院校大学生临床技能竞赛中充分采用这种学科整合的模拟教学模式,医学生的临床能力和综合素质大大提高。但也认识到这种综合急救是建立在学员熟练掌握各学科基本技能、具备良好临床思维及快速反应能力以及良好人文素养的基础上,学员要想有良好的表现,就必须加强自主学习,主动练习临床技能,将多学科知识综合到一起。而且该教学模式也面临一定的困难,如多学科教师需要密切配合及投入较多精力、学员能力参差不齐等;弊端是只能针对少数学员开展培训,不适合招生规模较大的医学院校。

3 丰富临床教学模式

医院根据临床实践以及临床专业的特点,建立和改进多元化教学模式,推进医学教育改革。坚持“以学生为主体、以教师为引导,以临床能力为核心、以临床思维为引领”的原则,以问题、案例、团队及模拟教学法、标准化病人教学法等优化组合,形成多元化临床教学模式,培养学生基本操作、临床思维及人文素养等。

在本科生见习及实习阶段,采用案例和问题教学法,围绕典型病例,教师提出问题,医学生利用图书馆、网络资源寻找解决问题的方法,培养学生自主学习能力。对于硕士研究生,将问题和案例方法充分融入到实际病例中,按照完整的临床诊断和临床处置过程展开,在提出和解决临床问题的基础上,提出一些科研问题,活跃思维,通过循证医学证据等进行验证,寻找解决问题的新方法,最后总结规律、完成病例报告,实现思维和意识上的创新。团队教学方法可实现团队学习资源共享,增加学习的竞争性和趣味性,培养其团队协作的能力及人际交流的技巧。

医院建立专科疾病多学科协作诊疗模式,尝试应用于临床教学,鼓励住院医师参加讨论、认识如何更好地根据个体选择最佳治疗方案,积累多学科疾病的诊疗经验。教师引导将病例、专业书籍及网络资源紧密结合,使他们实现从纵向思维、横向思维到立体思维的转变,建立良好的临床思维模式,并能熟练运用到疾病诊断及鉴别、合理选择检查手段及治疗方案中。

积极开展以标准化病人为基础的医患沟通模拟教学。采用小组教学,每组学生4人~5人,临床教师1名~2名,以标准化病人为教学载体。由1名教师介绍培训目标、内容和方法,讲解医患沟通的原理与技巧,另1名教师进行案例分析。如以消化性溃疡为主题应用标准化病人练习沟通,建立医患相互信任的关系;以急性腹痛为主题,训练学生更好地向患者家属交代病情及病情演变等;以肝癌为主题,练习学生恰当地告知患者家属坏消息,提高其安慰患者家属悲伤情绪的能力;设计医患冲突场景,引导学生练习管理“家属”愤怒情绪、道歉和解释差错的技能等。实践显示,这种教学方式使医学生得到全面、良好、具有针对性的演练,提高医患交流能力。

4 完善技能培训体系

医院临床技能培训中心设有内科技能培训单元、模拟手术室、急诊创伤模拟中心、腹腔镜培训中心、客观结构化临床考试(objective structured clinical examination,OSCE)中心等,能够满足在中心内实现实践能力培养、管理、评价及考核等。在实践教学体系中注重培养专业实践技能、提高动手能力、团队合作和解决实际问题能力,重视创新能力的培养,设定基本教学目标和创新目标。尤其是研究生及住培医师需在熟练掌握基本技能的基础上完成高层次临床技术(如腹腔镜操作)等,具备内科综合急救、外科创伤急救能力。临床技能培训单元应用临床思维培训软件,开展情景模拟教学。要求医学生参加教学查房、专题讲座、疑难病例讨论、大会诊及临床学术活动,提升临床思维能力。

5 培养医学人文理念

注重医学人文理念的培养,鼓励医学生参加大学生综合素质教育讲堂、教学名师讲堂、人文讲堂等,包括国内知名专家有关人文医学的专题讲座,从思想、文化方面接受人文启迪教育。使学生认识到医学不是纯粹的科学,不能笼统用科学规律来解释医学,医学的本质是人学等。医学生从更高的层次、更全面的角度认识医学与科学的关系、医学人文的重要性,对今后从事临床工作具有深刻的启迪和重要的指导意义。

每年医院开展入科前培训,邀请纪委书记做医学人文的讲座,讲解“如何提升人文修养”。主管教学副院长介绍医院历史,将“弘道笃行、精诚大医”的院训印入脑海,把“服务、创意,做什么都要好”的院风吹入心田。医患关系调解办公室主任主讲《医患调解、临床沟通》课程,并创新性地将临床情景剧教学模式引入课堂,即根据真实案例自编、自导并由本院医生、护师及标准化病人出演的原创情景剧《临床沟通情景教学》,涵盖了住院医师与上级医师沟通、医护沟通及医患沟通的不同内容,将沟通技巧展现给大家。笔者作为编剧、演员全程参与,感受到医学生对这种教学模式的喜欢,大家积极参与,并表示这种教学方式寓教于乐,效果显著,为进入临床学习工作奠定了扎实的基础。

6 创新评价考核体系

传统临床教学评价、考核常以期末出科或结业考试成绩作为评价指标,重视“学”的评价、忽视了对“教”的评价,忽视了学员的主体性、能动性和创造性;考核内容局限于单一的基本理论和单项的技能操作,命题设计缺乏变化性、灵活性和创造性,考核形式单一、方式简单。因此,建立实时、有效、客观以及重思维、重应用、重能力的创新型评价、考核模式尤为重要。

笔者所在医院采用形成性评价及终结性评价相结合的评价体系,评价医学生实践过程,促进其重视临床实践,加强对临床能力及医患沟通能力的评价。具体评价内容包括:(1)日常工作考核(管理病种数和病例数、参加培训情况);(2)临床技能考核(病历书写、体格检查、技能操作等);(3)医德医风(接诊态度、沟通能力、责任心、团队协作能力等);(4)理论考试(出科笔试等);(5)管理依从性(服从轮转安排、完成工作量、参加学术活动等)。实时评价能够及时发现问题,并督促学生及时改进,确保临床实践质量。根据专科基地或教研室组织的出科考核成绩、参加国家统一结业考核的成绩,终结性评价学员临床实践质量。

采用OSCE模式,建立考核目标,设计考题,制定标准,量化考评指标,突出知识综合应用能力的考核。考核时以涉及多学科的临床病例分析为主,充分模拟临床情境,强化临床思维和诊疗能力的考核。OSCE考站设置有病史采集站、病例分析站、辅助检查站、体格检查站及基本操作站,其中病例分析站强调临床思维的考查,基本操作站重点检验临床技能的掌握情况,要求学员在规定时间内完成操作,评分标准增加人文关怀、医患沟通分值的比例,注重人文素质的考核。OSCE能客观反映医学生临床操作能力,有助于发现临床教学中存在的问题,有利于督促、改进教学培训方法。

此外,还建立成果指标管理体系,对于各层次医学生在进入医院、培训基地、科室之初,使其明确学习任务及学习目标,对执业医师考试通过率、临床技能考核合格率、论文或综述完成率到结业考核通过率及优秀率等指标有严格要求,将临床学习和实践成果密切联系起来,提高其学习积极性和主动性。

7 持续培养医学生临床岗位胜任力的思考

医学教育最终目标是培养出具备良好医德医风和精湛医疗技术、具有创新精神和创新能力的医学人才[5],而临床教学是培养具有临床岗位胜任力医学人才的关键阶段。医学教育改革是一项质量工程,管理质量、师资力量及学员素质都会对临床教学质量产生一定的影响。现阶段存在对临床教学工作不重视的情况,过程管理多流于形式,导致教学质量难以保障;临床教师忙于临床、科研工作,疏于教学指导,而有效激励机制的缺乏,影响到教师的教学积极性;当前医疗大环境下实际操作机会大大减少,影响到医学生临床学习动力和积极性。因此,需要各级部门通力合作、共同解决,扎实推进人才培养工程,持续提高医学生岗位胜任力。学校和医院重视临床教学工作,才能不断推进临床教学改革;教师重视,才能不断探索教学新模式;学员重视,才能有更高的积极性对待临床实践。以岗位胜任力为导向的人才培养模式为临床医学人才培养提供了全新的思维模式和有效的运行方式,能够培养更多具有较强临床执行力和较强创新精神的优秀医学人才。


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