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PHP Version 5.6.40

System Windows NT iZ4r4b31413jd2Z 10.0 build 14393 (Windows Server 2016) AMD64
Build Date Jan 9 2019 15:05:36
Compiler MSVC11 (Visual C++ 2012)
Architecture x64
Configure Command cscript /nologo configure.js "--enable-snapshot-build" "--enable-debug-pack" "--disable-zts" "--disable-isapi" "--disable-nsapi" "--without-mssql" "--without-pdo-mssql" "--without-pi3web" "--with-pdo-oci=c:\php-sdk\oracle\x64\instantclient_12_1\sdk,shared" "--with-oci8-12c=c:\php-sdk\oracle\x64\instantclient_12_1\sdk,shared" "--with-enchant=shared" "--enable-object-out-dir=../obj/" "--enable-com-dotnet=shared" "--with-mcrypt=static" "--without-analyzer" "--with-pgo"
Server API CGI/FastCGI
Virtual Directory Support disabled
Configuration File (php.ini) Path C:\Windows
Loaded Configuration File D:\PHPWEB\php\php.ini
Scan this dir for additional .ini files (none)
Additional .ini files parsed (none)
PHP API 20131106
PHP Extension 20131226
Zend Extension 220131226
Zend Extension Build API220131226,NTS,VC11
PHP Extension Build API20131226,NTS,VC11
Debug Build no
Thread Safety disabled
Zend Signal Handling disabled
Zend Memory Manager enabled
Zend Multibyte Support provided by mbstring
IPv6 Support enabled
DTrace Support disabled
Registered PHP Streamsphp, file, glob, data, http, ftp, zip, compress.zlib, compress.bzip2, https, ftps, phar
Registered Stream Socket Transportstcp, udp, ssl, sslv3, tls, tlsv1.0, tlsv1.1, tlsv1.2
Registered Stream Filtersconvert.iconv.*, mcrypt.*, mdecrypt.*, string.rot13, string.toupper, string.tolower, string.strip_tags, convert.*, consumed, dechunk, zlib.*, bzip2.*
Zend logo This program makes use of the Zend Scripting Language Engine:
Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies

Configuration

bcmath

BCMath support enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
bcmath.scale00

bz2

BZip2 Support Enabled
Stream Wrapper support compress.bzip2://
Stream Filter support bzip2.decompress, bzip2.compress
BZip2 Version 1.0.6, 6-Sept-2010

calendar

Calendar support enabled

cgi-fcgi

DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
cgi.check_shebang_line11
cgi.discard_path00
cgi.fix_pathinfo11
cgi.force_redirect00
cgi.nph00
cgi.redirect_status_envno valueno value
cgi.rfc2616_headers00
fastcgi.impersonate11
fastcgi.logging11

Core

PHP Version 5.6.40
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
allow_url_fopenOnOn
allow_url_includeOffOff
always_populate_raw_post_data00
arg_separator.input&&
arg_separator.output&&
asp_tagsOffOff
auto_append_fileno valueno value
auto_globals_jitOnOn
auto_prepend_fileno valueno value
browscapno valueno value
default_charsetUTF-8UTF-8
default_mimetypetext/htmltext/html
disable_classesno valueno value
disable_functionsexec,system,passthru,popen,pclose,shell_exec,proc_open,dl,chmodexec,system,passthru,popen,pclose,shell_exec,proc_open,dl,chmod
display_errorsOffOff
display_startup_errorsOffOff
doc_rootno valueno value
docref_extno valueno value
docref_rootno valueno value
enable_dlOffOff
enable_post_data_readingOnOn
error_append_stringno valueno value
error_logsyslogsyslog
error_prepend_stringno valueno value
error_reporting2252722527
exit_on_timeoutOffOff
expose_phpOnOn
extension_dir./ext./ext
file_uploadsOnOn
highlight.comment#FF8000#FF8000
highlight.default#0000BB#0000BB
highlight.html#000000#000000
highlight.keyword#007700#007700
highlight.string#DD0000#DD0000
html_errorsOnOn
ignore_repeated_errorsOffOff
ignore_repeated_sourceOffOff
ignore_user_abortOffOff
implicit_flushOffOff
include_path.;C:\php\pear;D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\core/Extend/Vendor/.;C:\php\pear
input_encodingno valueno value
internal_encodingno valueno value
log_errorsOnOn
log_errors_max_len10241024
mail.add_x_headerOnOn
mail.force_extra_parametersno valueno value
mail.logno valueno value
max_execution_time180180
max_file_uploads200200
max_input_nesting_level6464
max_input_time6060
max_input_vars10001000
memory_limit128M128M
open_basedirno valueno value
output_buffering40964096
output_encodingno valueno value
output_handlerno valueno value
post_max_size200M200M
precision1414
realpath_cache_size16K16K
realpath_cache_ttl120120
register_argc_argvOffOff
report_memleaksOnOn
report_zend_debugOnOn
request_orderCGPCGP
sendmail_fromno valueno value
sendmail_pathno valueno value
serialize_precision1717
short_open_tagOnOn
SMTPlocalhostlocalhost
smtp_port2525
sql.safe_modeOffOff
sys_temp_dirno valueno value
track_errorsOffOff
unserialize_callback_funcno valueno value
upload_max_filesize200M200M
upload_tmp_dirD:\PHPWEB\php\temp\D:\PHPWEB\php\temp\
user_dirno valueno value
user_ini.cache_ttl300300
user_ini.filename.user.ini.user.ini
variables_orderGPCSGPCS
windows.show_crt_warningOffOff
xmlrpc_error_number00
xmlrpc_errorsOffOff
zend.detect_unicodeOnOn
zend.enable_gcOnOn
zend.multibyteOffOff
zend.script_encodingno valueno value

ctype

ctype functions enabled

curl

cURL support enabled
cURL Information 7.59.0
Age 4
Features
AsynchDNS Yes
CharConv No
Debug No
GSS-Negotiate No
IDN Yes
IPv6 Yes
krb4 No
Largefile Yes
libz Yes
NTLM Yes
NTLMWB No
SPNEGO Yes
SSL Yes
SSPI Yes
TLS-SRP No
Protocols dict, file, ftp, ftps, gopher, http, https, imap, imaps, ldap, pop3, pop3s, rtsp, scp, sftp, smb, smbs, smtp, smtps, telnet, tftp
Host x86_64-pc-win32
SSL Version OpenSSL/1.0.2q
ZLib Version 1.2.7.3
libSSH Version libssh2/1.8.0

date

date/time support enabled
"Olson" Timezone Database Version 2016.10
Timezone Database internal
Default timezone PRC
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
date.default_latitude31.766731.7667
date.default_longitude35.233335.2333
date.sunrise_zenith90.58333390.583333
date.sunset_zenith90.58333390.583333
date.timezonePRCPRC

dom

DOM/XML enabled
DOM/XML API Version 20031129
libxml Version 2.9.4
HTML Support enabled
XPath Support enabled
XPointer Support enabled
Schema Support enabled
RelaxNG Support enabled

ereg

Regex Library Bundled library enabled

exif

EXIF Support enabled
EXIF Version 1.4 $Id: cad29b729548e4206f0697710cc9e177f26fdff3 $
Supported EXIF Version 0220
Supported filetypes JPEG,TIFF
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
exif.decode_jis_intelJISJIS
exif.decode_jis_motorolaJISJIS
exif.decode_unicode_intelUCS-2LEUCS-2LE
exif.decode_unicode_motorolaUCS-2BEUCS-2BE
exif.encode_jisno valueno value
exif.encode_unicodeISO-8859-15ISO-8859-15

filter

Input Validation and Filtering enabled
Revision $Id: 5b79667bd9a68977a9b4f7505223a8e216e04908 $
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
filter.defaultunsafe_rawunsafe_raw
filter.default_flagsno valueno value

ftp

FTP support enabled

gd

GD Support enabled
GD Version bundled (2.1.0 compatible)
FreeType Support enabled
FreeType Linkage with freetype
FreeType Version 2.7.0
GIF Read Support enabled
GIF Create Support enabled
JPEG Support enabled
libJPEG Version 9 compatible
PNG Support enabled
libPNG Version 1.5.26
WBMP Support enabled
XPM Support enabled
libXpm Version 30512
XBM Support enabled
WebP Support enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
gd.jpeg_ignore_warning00

hash

hash support enabled
Hashing Engines md2 md4 md5 sha1 sha224 sha256 sha384 sha512 ripemd128 ripemd160 ripemd256 ripemd320 whirlpool tiger128,3 tiger160,3 tiger192,3 tiger128,4 tiger160,4 tiger192,4 snefru snefru256 gost gost-crypto adler32 crc32 crc32b fnv132 fnv1a32 fnv164 fnv1a64 joaat haval128,3 haval160,3 haval192,3 haval224,3 haval256,3 haval128,4 haval160,4 haval192,4 haval224,4 haval256,4 haval128,5 haval160,5 haval192,5 haval224,5 haval256,5

iconv

iconv support enabled
iconv implementation "libiconv"
iconv library version 1.14
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
iconv.input_encodingno valueno value
iconv.internal_encodingno valueno value
iconv.output_encodingno valueno value

json

json support enabled
json version 1.2.1

libxml

libXML support active
libXML Compiled Version 2.9.4
libXML Loaded Version 20904
libXML streams enabled

mbstring

Multibyte Support enabled
Multibyte string engine libmbfl
HTTP input encoding translation disabled
libmbfl version 1.3.2
mbstring extension makes use of "streamable kanji code filter and converter", which is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1.
Multibyte (japanese) regex support enabled
Multibyte regex (oniguruma) version 5.9.5
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mbstring.detect_orderno valueno value
mbstring.encoding_translationOffOff
mbstring.func_overload00
mbstring.http_inputno valueno value
mbstring.http_outputno valueno value
mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetypes^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)
mbstring.internal_encodingno valueno value
mbstring.languageneutralneutral
mbstring.strict_detectionOffOff
mbstring.substitute_characterno valueno value

mcrypt

mcrypt supportenabled
mcrypt_filter supportenabled
Version 2.5.8
Api No 20021217
Supported ciphers cast-128 gost rijndael-128 twofish cast-256 loki97 rijndael-192 saferplus wake blowfish-compat des rijndael-256 serpent xtea blowfish enigma rc2 tripledes arcfour
Supported modes cbc cfb ctr ecb ncfb nofb ofb stream
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mcrypt.algorithms_dirno valueno value
mcrypt.modes_dirno valueno value

mhash

MHASH support Enabled
MHASH API Version Emulated Support

mysql

MySQL Supportenabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 1
Client API version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mysql.allow_local_infileOnOn
mysql.allow_persistentOnOn
mysql.connect_timeout6060
mysql.default_hostno valueno value
mysql.default_passwordno valueno value
mysql.default_portno valueno value
mysql.default_socketno valueno value
mysql.default_userno valueno value
mysql.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
mysql.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited
mysql.trace_modeOffOff

mysqli

MysqlI Supportenabled
Client API library version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
Active Persistent Links 0
Inactive Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mysqli.allow_local_infileOnOn
mysqli.allow_persistentOnOn
mysqli.default_hostno valueno value
mysqli.default_port33063306
mysqli.default_pwno valueno value
mysqli.default_socketno valueno value
mysqli.default_userno valueno value
mysqli.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
mysqli.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited
mysqli.reconnectOffOff
mysqli.rollback_on_cached_plinkOffOff

mysqlnd

mysqlndenabled
Version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
Compression supported
core SSL supported
extended SSL not supported
Command buffer size 4096
Read buffer size 32768
Read timeout 31536000
Collecting statistics Yes
Collecting memory statistics No
Tracing n/a
Loaded plugins mysqlnd,debug_trace,auth_plugin_mysql_native_password,auth_plugin_mysql_clear_password
API Extensions mysql,mysqli,pdo_mysql
mysqlnd statistics
bytes_sent 1285654
bytes_received 28715772
packets_sent 24906
packets_received 193761
protocol_overhead_in 775044
protocol_overhead_out 99624
bytes_received_ok_packet 0
bytes_received_eof_packet 0
bytes_received_rset_header_packet 98658
bytes_received_rset_field_meta_packet 0
bytes_received_rset_row_packet 70534
bytes_received_prepare_response_packet 9441312
bytes_received_change_user_packet 19020428
packets_sent_command 12033
packets_received_ok 0
packets_received_eof 0
packets_received_rset_header 10962
packets_received_rset_field_meta 0
packets_received_rset_row 11404
packets_received_prepare_response 136825
packets_received_change_user 33730
result_set_queries 10752
non_result_set_queries 607
no_index_used 6220
bad_index_used 0
slow_queries 0
buffered_sets 10752
unbuffered_sets 0
ps_buffered_sets 0
ps_unbuffered_sets 0
flushed_normal_sets 0
flushed_ps_sets 0
ps_prepared_never_executed 0
ps_prepared_once_executed 0
rows_fetched_from_server_normal 22978
rows_fetched_from_server_ps 0
rows_buffered_from_client_normal 22978
rows_buffered_from_client_ps 0
rows_fetched_from_client_normal_buffered 22978
rows_fetched_from_client_normal_unbuffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_buffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_unbuffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_cursor 0
rows_affected_normal 170
rows_affected_ps 0
rows_skipped_normal 22978
rows_skipped_ps 0
copy_on_write_saved 49349
copy_on_write_performed 378554
command_buffer_too_small 0
connect_success 210
connect_failure 0
connection_reused 0
reconnect 0
pconnect_success 0
active_connections 18446744073709551408
active_persistent_connections 0
explicit_close 209
implicit_close 0
disconnect_close 0
in_middle_of_command_close 0
explicit_free_result 10751
implicit_free_result 0
explicit_stmt_close 0
implicit_stmt_close 0
mem_emalloc_count 0
mem_emalloc_amount 0
mem_ecalloc_count 0
mem_ecalloc_amount 0
mem_erealloc_count 0
mem_erealloc_amount 0
mem_efree_count 0
mem_efree_amount 0
mem_malloc_count 0
mem_malloc_amount 0
mem_calloc_count 0
mem_calloc_amount 0
mem_realloc_count 0
mem_realloc_amount 0
mem_free_count 0
mem_free_amount 0
mem_estrndup_count 0
mem_strndup_count 0
mem_estndup_count 0
mem_strdup_count 0
proto_text_fetched_null 0
proto_text_fetched_bit 0
proto_text_fetched_tinyint 38457
proto_text_fetched_short 128944
proto_text_fetched_int24 15741
proto_text_fetched_int 19077
proto_text_fetched_bigint 127
proto_text_fetched_decimal 0
proto_text_fetched_float 0
proto_text_fetched_double 0
proto_text_fetched_date 0
proto_text_fetched_year 0
proto_text_fetched_time 0
proto_text_fetched_datetime 0
proto_text_fetched_timestamp 0
proto_text_fetched_string 195476
proto_text_fetched_blob 0
proto_text_fetched_enum 1242
proto_text_fetched_set 0
proto_text_fetched_geometry 0
proto_text_fetched_other 0
proto_binary_fetched_null 0
proto_binary_fetched_bit 0
proto_binary_fetched_tinyint 0
proto_binary_fetched_short 0
proto_binary_fetched_int24 0
proto_binary_fetched_int 0
proto_binary_fetched_bigint 0
proto_binary_fetched_decimal 0
proto_binary_fetched_float 0
proto_binary_fetched_double 0
proto_binary_fetched_date 0
proto_binary_fetched_year 0
proto_binary_fetched_time 0
proto_binary_fetched_datetime 0
proto_binary_fetched_timestamp 0
proto_binary_fetched_string 0
proto_binary_fetched_json 0
proto_binary_fetched_blob 0
proto_binary_fetched_enum 0
proto_binary_fetched_set 0
proto_binary_fetched_geometry 0
proto_binary_fetched_other 0
init_command_executed_count 0
init_command_failed_count 0
com_quit 209
com_init_db 210
com_query 11404
com_field_list 0
com_create_db 0
com_drop_db 0
com_refresh 0
com_shutdown 0
com_statistics 0
com_process_info 0
com_connect 0
com_process_kill 0
com_debug 0
com_ping 0
com_time 0
com_delayed_insert 0
com_change_user 0
com_binlog_dump 0
com_table_dump 0
com_connect_out 0
com_register_slave 0
com_stmt_prepare 0
com_stmt_execute 0
com_stmt_send_long_data 0
com_stmt_close 0
com_stmt_reset 0
com_stmt_set_option 210
com_stmt_fetch 0
com_deamon 0
bytes_received_real_data_normal 18455098
bytes_received_real_data_ps 0

odbc

ODBC Supportenabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
ODBC library Win32
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
odbc.allow_persistentOnOn
odbc.check_persistentOnOn
odbc.default_cursortypeStatic cursorStatic cursor
odbc.default_dbno valueno value
odbc.default_pwno valueno value
odbc.default_userno valueno value
odbc.defaultbinmodereturn as isreturn as is
odbc.defaultlrlreturn up to 4096 bytesreturn up to 4096 bytes
odbc.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
odbc.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited

openssl

OpenSSL support enabled
OpenSSL Library Version OpenSSL 1.0.2q 20 Nov 2018
OpenSSL Header Version OpenSSL 1.0.2q 20 Nov 2018
Openssl default config c:/usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
openssl.cafileno valueno value
openssl.capathno valueno value

pcre

PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) Support enabled
PCRE Library Version 8.38 2015-11-23
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
pcre.backtrack_limit10000001000000
pcre.recursion_limit100000100000

PDO

PDO supportenabled
PDO drivers mysql, odbc, pgsql, sqlite

pdo_mysql

PDO Driver for MySQLenabled
Client API version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $

PDO_ODBC

PDO Driver for ODBC (Win32)enabled
ODBC Connection Pooling Enabled, strict matching

pdo_pgsql

PDO Driver for PostgreSQLenabled
PostgreSQL(libpq) Version 9.6.2
Module version 1.0.2
Revision $Id: 0e858dd2051ca8c2fd3c781909a0670ab5fecd36 $

pdo_sqlite

PDO Driver for SQLite 3.xenabled
SQLite Library 3.8.10.2

pgsql

PostgreSQL Supportenabled
PostgreSQL(libpq) Version 9.6.2
PostgreSQL(libpq) PostgreSQL 9.6.2 (win32)
Multibyte character support enabled
SSL support enabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
pgsql.allow_persistentOnOn
pgsql.auto_reset_persistentOffOff
pgsql.ignore_noticeOffOff
pgsql.log_noticeOffOff
pgsql.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
pgsql.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited

Phar

Phar: PHP Archive supportenabled
Phar EXT version 2.0.2
Phar API version 1.1.1
SVN revision $Id: 6e5cec2462a6ded53d4379ea9a69487a60d5c43c $
Phar-based phar archives enabled
Tar-based phar archives enabled
ZIP-based phar archives enabled
gzip compression enabled
bzip2 compression enabled
OpenSSL support enabled
Phar based on pear/PHP_Archive, original concept by Davey Shafik.
Phar fully realized by Gregory Beaver and Marcus Boerger.
Portions of tar implementation Copyright (c) 2003-2009 Tim Kientzle.
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
phar.cache_listno valueno value
phar.readonlyOnOn
phar.require_hashOnOn

Reflection

Reflectionenabled
Version $Id: 5f15287237d5f78d75b19c26915aa7bd83dee8b8 $

session

Session Support enabled
Registered save handlers files user
Registered serializer handlers php_serialize php php_binary wddx
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
session.auto_startOffOff
session.cache_expire180180
session.cache_limiternocachenocache
session.cookie_domainno valueno value
session.cookie_httponlyOffOff
session.cookie_lifetime00
session.cookie_path//
session.cookie_secureOffOff
session.entropy_fileno valueno value
session.entropy_length00
session.gc_divisor10001000
session.gc_maxlifetime14401440
session.gc_probability11
session.hash_bits_per_character55
session.hash_function00
session.namePHPSESSIDPHPSESSID
session.referer_checkno valueno value
session.save_handlerfilesfiles
session.save_pathD:\PHPWEB\php\temp\D:\PHPWEB\php\temp\
session.serialize_handlerphpphp
session.upload_progress.cleanupOnOn
session.upload_progress.enabledOnOn
session.upload_progress.freq1%1%
session.upload_progress.min_freq11
session.upload_progress.namePHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESSPHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS
session.upload_progress.prefixupload_progress_upload_progress_
session.use_cookiesOnOn
session.use_only_cookiesOnOn
session.use_strict_modeOffOff
session.use_trans_sid00

SimpleXML

Simplexml supportenabled
Revision $Id: d7077fc935154236afb4fe70814ba358efdbdca4 $
Schema support enabled

SPL

SPL supportenabled
Interfaces Countable, OuterIterator, RecursiveIterator, SeekableIterator, SplObserver, SplSubject
Classes AppendIterator, ArrayIterator, ArrayObject, BadFunctionCallException, BadMethodCallException, CachingIterator, CallbackFilterIterator, DirectoryIterator, DomainException, EmptyIterator, FilesystemIterator, FilterIterator, GlobIterator, InfiniteIterator, InvalidArgumentException, IteratorIterator, LengthException, LimitIterator, LogicException, MultipleIterator, NoRewindIterator, OutOfBoundsException, OutOfRangeException, OverflowException, ParentIterator, RangeException, RecursiveArrayIterator, RecursiveCachingIterator, RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator, RecursiveDirectoryIterator, RecursiveFilterIterator, RecursiveIteratorIterator, RecursiveRegexIterator, RecursiveTreeIterator, RegexIterator, RuntimeException, SplDoublyLinkedList, SplFileInfo, SplFileObject, SplFixedArray, SplHeap, SplMinHeap, SplMaxHeap, SplObjectStorage, SplPriorityQueue, SplQueue, SplStack, SplTempFileObject, UnderflowException, UnexpectedValueException

sqlite3

SQLite3 supportenabled
SQLite3 module version 0.7-dev
SQLite Library 3.8.10.2
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
sqlite3.extension_dirno valueno value

standard

Dynamic Library Support enabled
Internal Sendmail Support for Windows enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
assert.active11
assert.bail00
assert.callbackno valueno value
assert.quiet_eval00
assert.warning11
auto_detect_line_endings00
default_socket_timeout6060
fromno valueno value
url_rewriter.tagsa=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentrya=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry
user_agentno valueno value

tokenizer

Tokenizer Support enabled

wddx

WDDX Supportenabled
WDDX Session Serializer enabled

xml

XML Support active
XML Namespace Support active
libxml2 Version 2.9.4

xmlreader

XMLReader enabled

xmlwriter

XMLWriter enabled

zip

Zip enabled
Zip version 1.12.5
Libzip version 0.11.2

zlib

ZLib Supportenabled
Stream Wrapper compress.zlib://
Stream Filter zlib.inflate, zlib.deflate
Compiled Version 1.2.7.3
Linked Version 1.2.7.3
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
zlib.output_compressionOffOff
zlib.output_compression_level-1-1
zlib.output_handlerno valueno value

Additional Modules

Module Name

Environment

VariableValue
_FCGI_X_PIPE_ \\.\pipe\IISFCGI-e8b719a8-be2a-4fbc-9bed-626ca3bbaedd
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS 10000
ALLUSERSPROFILE C:\ProgramData
APPDATA C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Roaming
APP_POOL_CONFIG C:\inetpub\temp\apppools\wwwroot\wwwroot.config
APP_POOL_ID wwwroot
CommonProgramFiles C:\Program Files\Common Files
CommonProgramFiles(x86) C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
CommonProgramW6432 C:\Program Files\Common Files
COMPUTERNAME iZ4r4b31413jd2Z
ComSpec C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
LOCALAPPDATA C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS 2
OS Windows_NT
Path C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;C:\sslctlw;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps
PATHEXT .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE AMD64
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
PROCESSOR_LEVEL 6
PROCESSOR_REVISION 5504
ProgramData C:\ProgramData
ProgramFiles C:\Program Files
ProgramFiles(x86) C:\Program Files (x86)
ProgramW6432 C:\Program Files
PSModulePath C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\PowerShell\Modules\
PUBLIC C:\Users\Public
SystemDrive C:
SystemRoot C:\Windows
TEMP C:\Windows\TEMP
TMP C:\Windows\TEMP
USERDOMAIN WORKGROUP
USERNAME iZ4r4b31413jd2Z$
USERPROFILE C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile
windir C:\Windows

PHP Variables

VariableValue
_REQUEST["aid"]11794
_REQUEST["_URL_"]
Array
(
    [0] => index
    [1] => view
    [2] => aid
    [3] => 11794
)
_GET["aid"]11794
_GET["_URL_"]
Array
(
    [0] => index
    [1] => view
    [2] => aid
    [3] => 11794
)
_SERVER["_FCGI_X_PIPE_"]\\.\pipe\IISFCGI-e8b719a8-be2a-4fbc-9bed-626ca3bbaedd
_SERVER["PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS"]10000
_SERVER["ALLUSERSPROFILE"]C:\ProgramData
_SERVER["APPDATA"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Roaming
_SERVER["APP_POOL_CONFIG"]C:\inetpub\temp\apppools\wwwroot\wwwroot.config
_SERVER["APP_POOL_ID"]wwwroot
_SERVER["CommonProgramFiles"]C:\Program Files\Common Files
_SERVER["CommonProgramFiles(x86)"]C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
_SERVER["CommonProgramW6432"]C:\Program Files\Common Files
_SERVER["COMPUTERNAME"]iZ4r4b31413jd2Z
_SERVER["ComSpec"]C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
_SERVER["LOCALAPPDATA"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local
_SERVER["NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS"]2
_SERVER["OS"]Windows_NT
_SERVER["Path"]C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;C:\sslctlw;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps
_SERVER["PATHEXT"].COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE"]AMD64
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER"]Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_LEVEL"]6
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_REVISION"]5504
_SERVER["ProgramData"]C:\ProgramData
_SERVER["ProgramFiles"]C:\Program Files
_SERVER["ProgramFiles(x86)"]C:\Program Files (x86)
_SERVER["ProgramW6432"]C:\Program Files
_SERVER["PSModulePath"]C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\PowerShell\Modules\
_SERVER["PUBLIC"]C:\Users\Public
_SERVER["SystemDrive"]C:
_SERVER["SystemRoot"]C:\Windows
_SERVER["TEMP"]C:\Windows\TEMP
_SERVER["TMP"]C:\Windows\TEMP
_SERVER["USERDOMAIN"]WORKGROUP
_SERVER["USERNAME"]iZ4r4b31413jd2Z$
_SERVER["USERPROFILE"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile
_SERVER["windir"]C:\Windows
_SERVER["ORIG_PATH_INFO"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/11794.html
_SERVER["URL"]/admin.php
_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]Microsoft-IIS/10.0
_SERVER["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]HTTP/1.1
_SERVER["SERVER_PORT_SECURE"]1
_SERVER["SERVER_PORT"]443
_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"]www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]/admin.php
_SERVER["SCRIPT_FILENAME"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\admin.php
_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/11794.html
_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"]GET
_SERVER["REMOTE_USER"]no value
_SERVER["REMOTE_PORT"]61457
_SERVER["REMOTE_HOST"]216.73.216.49
_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]216.73.216.49
_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"]no value
_SERVER["PATH_TRANSLATED"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\admin.php\index\view\aid\11794.html
_SERVER["PATH_INFO"]/index/view/aid/11794
_SERVER["LOGON_USER"]no value
_SERVER["LOCAL_ADDR"]172.16.121.93
_SERVER["INSTANCE_META_PATH"]/LM/W3SVC/1
_SERVER["INSTANCE_NAME"]WWWROOT
_SERVER["INSTANCE_ID"]1
_SERVER["HTTPS_SERVER_SUBJECT"]CN=www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["HTTPS_SERVER_ISSUER"]C=PL, O=Asseco Data Systems S.A., CN=Certum DV TLS G2 R39 CA
_SERVER["HTTPS_SECRETKEYSIZE"]2048
_SERVER["HTTPS_KEYSIZE"]256
_SERVER["HTTPS"]on
_SERVER["GATEWAY_INTERFACE"]CGI/1.1
_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot
_SERVER["CONTENT_TYPE"]no value
_SERVER["CONTENT_LENGTH"]0
_SERVER["CERT_SUBJECT"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_SERIALNUMBER"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_ISSUER"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_FLAGS"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_COOKIE"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_USER"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_PASSWORD"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_TYPE"]no value
_SERVER["APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\
_SERVER["APPL_MD_PATH"]/LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT
_SERVER["IIS_UrlRewriteModule"]7.1.0871.0
_SERVER["HTTP_USER_AGENT"]Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
_SERVER["HTTP_HOST"]www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"]gzip, br, zstd, deflate
_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT"]*/*
_SERVER["HTTP_CONNECTION"]close
_SERVER["FCGI_ROLE"]RESPONDER
_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/11794.html
_SERVER["REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT"]1789708749.0979
_SERVER["REQUEST_TIME"]1789708749

PHP Credits

PHP Group
Thies C. Arntzen, Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Andi Gutmans, Rasmus Lerdorf, Sam Ruby, Sascha Schumann, Zeev Suraski, Jim Winstead, Andrei Zmievski
Language Design & Concept
Andi Gutmans, Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Marcus Boerger
PHP Authors
ContributionAuthors
Zend Scripting Language Engine Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski, Stanislav Malyshev, Marcus Boerger, Dmitry Stogov, Xinchen Hui, Nikita Popov
Extension Module API Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski, Andrei Zmievski
UNIX Build and Modularization Stig Bakken, Sascha Schumann, Jani Taskinen
Windows Port Shane Caraveo, Zeev Suraski, Wez Furlong, Pierre-Alain Joye, Anatol Belski
Server API (SAPI) Abstraction Layer Andi Gutmans, Shane Caraveo, Zeev Suraski
Streams Abstraction Layer Wez Furlong, Sara Golemon
PHP Data Objects Layer Wez Furlong, Marcus Boerger, Sterling Hughes, George Schlossnagle, Ilia Alshanetsky
Output Handler Zeev Suraski, Thies C. Arntzen, Marcus Boerger, Michael Wallner
SAPI Modules
ContributionAuthors
AOLserver Sascha Schumann
Apache 1.3 (apache_hooks) Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Stig Bakken, David Sklar, George Schlossnagle, Lukas Schroeder
Apache 1.3 Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Stig Bakken, David Sklar
Apache 2.0 Filter Sascha Schumann, Aaron Bannert
Apache 2.0 Handler Ian Holsman, Justin Erenkrantz (based on Apache 2.0 Filter code)
Caudium / Roxen David Hedbor
CGI / FastCGI Rasmus Lerdorf, Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Dmitry Stogov
CLI Edin Kadribasic, Marcus Boerger, Johannes Schlueter, Moriyoshi Koizumi, Xinchen Hui
Continuity Alex Leigh (based on nsapi code)
Embed Edin Kadribasic
FastCGI Process Manager Andrei Nigmatulin, dreamcat4, Antony Dovgal, Jerome Loyet
ISAPI Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski
litespeed George Wang
NSAPI Jayakumar Muthukumarasamy, Uwe Schindler
phpdbg Felipe Pena, Joe Watkins, Bob Weinand
phttpd Thies C. Arntzen
pi3web Holger Zimmermann
Sendmail Milter Harald Radi
thttpd Sascha Schumann
tux Sascha Schumann
WebJames Alex Waugh
Module Authors
ModuleAuthors
BC Math Andi Gutmans
Bzip2 Sterling Hughes
Calendar Shane Caraveo, Colin Viebrock, Hartmut Holzgraefe, Wez Furlong
COM and .Net Wez Furlong
ctype Hartmut Holzgraefe
cURL Sterling Hughes
Date/Time Support Derick Rethans
DB-LIB (MS SQL, Sybase) Wez Furlong, Frank M. Kromann
DBA Sascha Schumann, Marcus Boerger
DOM Christian Stocker, Rob Richards, Marcus Boerger
enchant Pierre-Alain Joye, Ilia Alshanetsky
ereg Rasmus Lerdorf, Jim Winstead, Jaakko Hyvätti
EXIF Rasmus Lerdorf, Marcus Boerger
fileinfo Ilia Alshanetsky, Pierre Alain Joye, Scott MacVicar, Derick Rethans
Firebird driver for PDO Ard Biesheuvel
FTP Stefan Esser, Andrew Skalski
GD imaging Rasmus Lerdorf, Stig Bakken, Jim Winstead, Jouni Ahto, Ilia Alshanetsky, Pierre-Alain Joye, Marcus Boerger
GetText Alex Plotnick
GNU GMP support Stanislav Malyshev
Iconv Rui Hirokawa, Stig Bakken, Moriyoshi Koizumi
IMAP Rex Logan, Mark Musone, Brian Wang, Kaj-Michael Lang, Antoni Pamies Olive, Rasmus Lerdorf, Andrew Skalski, Chuck Hagenbuch, Daniel R Kalowsky
Input Filter Rasmus Lerdorf, Derick Rethans, Pierre-Alain Joye, Ilia Alshanetsky
InterBase Jouni Ahto, Andrew Avdeev, Ard Biesheuvel
Internationalization Ed Batutis, Vladimir Iordanov, Dmitry Lakhtyuk, Stanislav Malyshev, Vadim Savchuk, Kirti Velankar
JSON Omar Kilani, Scott MacVicar
LDAP Amitay Isaacs, Eric Warnke, Rasmus Lerdorf, Gerrit Thomson, Stig Venaas
LIBXML Christian Stocker, Rob Richards, Marcus Boerger, Wez Furlong, Shane Caraveo
mcrypt Sascha Schumann, Derick Rethans
MS SQL Frank M. Kromann
Multibyte String Functions Tsukada Takuya, Rui Hirokawa
MySQL driver for PDO George Schlossnagle, Wez Furlong, Ilia Alshanetsky, Johannes Schlueter
MySQL Zeev Suraski, Zak Greant, Georg Richter, Andrey Hristov
MySQLi Zak Greant, Georg Richter, Andrey Hristov, Ulf Wendel
MySQLnd Andrey Hristov, Ulf Wendel, Georg Richter, Johannes Schlüter
OCI8 Stig Bakken, Thies C. Arntzen, Andy Sautins, David Benson, Maxim Maletsky, Harald Radi, Antony Dovgal, Andi Gutmans, Wez Furlong, Christopher Jones, Oracle Corporation
ODBC driver for PDO Wez Furlong
ODBC Stig Bakken, Andreas Karajannis, Frank M. Kromann, Daniel R. Kalowsky
OpenSSL Stig Venaas, Wez Furlong, Sascha Kettler, Scott MacVicar
Oracle (OCI) driver for PDO Wez Furlong
pcntl Jason Greene, Arnaud Le Blanc
Perl Compatible Regexps Andrei Zmievski
PHP Archive Gregory Beaver, Marcus Boerger
PHP Data Objects Wez Furlong, Marcus Boerger, Sterling Hughes, George Schlossnagle, Ilia Alshanetsky
PHP hash Sara Golemon, Rasmus Lerdorf, Stefan Esser, Michael Wallner, Scott MacVicar
Posix Kristian Koehntopp
PostgreSQL driver for PDO Edin Kadribasic, Ilia Alshanetsky
PostgreSQL Jouni Ahto, Zeev Suraski, Yasuo Ohgaki, Chris Kings-Lynne
Pspell Vlad Krupin
Readline Thies C. Arntzen
Recode Kristian Koehntopp
Reflection Marcus Boerger, Timm Friebe, George Schlossnagle, Andrei Zmievski, Johannes Schlueter
Sessions Sascha Schumann, Andrei Zmievski
Shared Memory Operations Slava Poliakov, Ilia Alshanetsky
SimpleXML Sterling Hughes, Marcus Boerger, Rob Richards
SNMP Rasmus Lerdorf, Harrie Hazewinkel, Mike Jackson, Steven Lawrance, Johann Hanne, Boris Lytochkin
SOAP Brad Lafountain, Shane Caraveo, Dmitry Stogov
Sockets Chris Vandomelen, Sterling Hughes, Daniel Beulshausen, Jason Greene
SPL Marcus Boerger, Etienne Kneuss
SQLite 3.x driver for PDO Wez Furlong
SQLite3 Scott MacVicar, Ilia Alshanetsky, Brad Dewar
Sybase-CT Zeev Suraski, Tom May, Timm Friebe
System V Message based IPC Wez Furlong
System V Semaphores Tom May
System V Shared Memory Christian Cartus
tidy John Coggeshall, Ilia Alshanetsky
tokenizer Andrei Zmievski, Johannes Schlueter
WDDX Andrei Zmievski
XML Stig Bakken, Thies C. Arntzen, Sterling Hughes
XMLReader Rob Richards
xmlrpc Dan Libby
XMLWriter Rob Richards, Pierre-Alain Joye
XSL Christian Stocker, Rob Richards
Zip Pierre-Alain Joye, Remi Collet
Zlib Rasmus Lerdorf, Stefan Roehrich, Zeev Suraski, Jade Nicoletti, Michael Wallner
PHP Documentation
Authors Mehdi Achour, Friedhelm Betz, Antony Dovgal, Nuno Lopes, Hannes Magnusson, Georg Richter, Damien Seguy, Jakub Vrana, Adam Harvey, Peter Cowburn
Editor Philip Olson
User Note Maintainers Daniel P. Brown, Thiago Henrique Pojda
Other Contributors Previously active authors, editors and other contributors are listed in the manual.
PHP Quality Assurance Team
Ilia Alshanetsky, Joerg Behrens, Antony Dovgal, Stefan Esser, Moriyoshi Koizumi, Magnus Maatta, Sebastian Nohn, Derick Rethans, Melvyn Sopacua, Jani Taskinen, Pierre-Alain Joye, Dmitry Stogov, Felipe Pena, David Soria Parra, Stanislav Malyshev, Julien Pauli, Stephen Zarkos, Anatol Belski, Remi Collet, Ferenc Kovacs
Websites and Infrastructure team
PHP Websites Team Rasmus Lerdorf, Hannes Magnusson, Philip Olson, Lukas Kahwe Smith, Pierre-Alain Joye, Kalle Sommer Nielsen, Peter Cowburn, Adam Harvey, Ferenc Kovacs, Levi Morrison
Event Maintainers Damien Seguy, Daniel P. Brown
Network Infrastructure Daniel P. Brown
Windows Infrastructure Alex Schoenmaker

PHP License

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the PHP License as published by the PHP Group and included in the distribution in the file: LICENSE

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

If you did not receive a copy of the PHP license, or have any questions about PHP licensing, please contact license@php.net.

医院经营管理网

医管智库MEDICAL TUBE

首页>医管智库>业务管理
护理人力资源流失干预措施的研究进展
提交者:张甜甜,李国宏发表时间:2018-4-16点击次数:3418来源:护理学杂志

护理人力资源是指接受过护理专业技能培训,并且能够根据患者的需要提供适当的护理服务,以促进患者康复,提升居民健康水平的一种人力资源。当前,我国护理人力资源严重短缺,且各级医疗卫生机构普遍存在护理人力资源持续流失的问题。研究表明,对护理人力资源流失进行有效干预可以降低护士的离职意愿,进而缓解护理人力资源短缺问题,改善患者的护理质量,减轻在职护士的工作负荷,降低医院招聘和培训新护士的成本,减少护理教育资源的浪费。因此,采取切实有效的干预措施以减少护理人力资源流失,已经成为医院管理者和护理研究者关注的热点问题之一。本文回顾了2010 ~ 2017 年有关护理人力资源流失方面的研究,对有助于减少护理人力资源流失的干预措施进行了总结,以期为护理管理者减少护理人才流失,稳定护理队伍提供依据。


1 护理人力资源流失的影响因素

近年来,世界各地护士的离职率居高不下。研究显示,欧洲各国护士的离职率12% ~ 21%。2010年,美国护士的离职率为13.9%,加拿大为19.9%,约旦则高达36.6%。我国同样也面临着护理人力资源流失率过高的问题, 2013 年,我国二级医院护士离职率为4.0%。2010 ~ 2015 年,南京市5 家三甲医院护士离职率为1.3% ~ 2.4%,且呈逐年上涨趋势。为了降低护士离职率,缓解护理人力资源短缺,国内外护理研究者已经围绕影响护士离职的相关因素进行了多方面研究。当前研究认为,护理工作环境,薪酬和福利待遇,工作负荷,职业压力,职业倦怠,职业发展前景等因素均会导致护士离职的发生。研究者在探究护士离职因素的基础上,结合影响因素提出了一些具有针对性的干预措施。


2 护理人力资源流失的干预措施

2.1 改善护理工作环境护理工作环境又称为专业实践环境。Zelauskas等认为健康的护理工作环境能够通过授权使护士获得更多对工作的控制权和责任感。美国急救护士协会( American Association of Critical Care Nurses,AACN) 于2001 年提出了“建立和支持健康工作环境”的倡议,该倡议进一步解释了健康工作环境的6个标准,即技巧性的沟通、多学科合作的氛围、独立的决策、合理的人员配置、可靠的领导团队以及组织对护士工作的认可。20 世纪80 年代,美国护理学会( American Academy of Nursing,ANA) 提出了以构建健康工作环境为目标的磁力医院( Magnet Hospital) 项目,目前磁力医院项目已经成为健康工作环境的征。本文将根据健康工作环境的特征从以下几个方面阐述针对护理工作环境进行干预的措施。


2.1.1 合理配置护理人力资源

ickard 等采取包括增加护理工作人员,强化对新入职护士的临床支持和指导,丰富护士职业生涯发展路径等在内的一系列措施对澳大利亚的两所公立医院进行了为期2 年的干预,结果发现采取干预措施后两家医院的护士工作满意度均得到显著提高,其中一所医院的护士离职率明显降低。van den Heed 等认为,通过增加护理工作人员的数量,提高护患比以降低护士的工作量,保护士得到充足的休息,是降低护士离职意愿的常见对策之一,这一观点与Happell 等一致。Wright等收集美国中西部两所非营利性医院的资料进行数据分析,发现在交叉培训和规范化程序的基础上对各科室护士进行集中调度排班,能够在大幅度减少护士加班时间的同时,提高护士的工作满意度和稳定性。Reitz 等对不同地区的护士进行横断面调查后,认为灵活的排班方式能够提高护士在医院环境中的留职率。刘兵等使用问卷对3 所深圳三甲综合医院的护士进行调查后,建议在增加医院护理人员编制,优化排班方式的同时建立和健全院内支持保障系,如药物配送系统、后勤服务系统、医用材料供应系统等,以减少非护理工作对护理人力资源的占用。虽然,国内外许多护理研究者都认为通过增加护理工作员数量,优化排班方式,完善院内辅助系统等措施,能够合理配置护理人力资源,是降低护士工作负荷和离职意愿的有效措施。但是该干预措施的实践及效果评价较为少见,因而无法确认该措施的有效性。


2.1.2 优化行政管理

van den Heed 等对3186名住院部护士和6所医院的护理部主任分别进行横断面调查和深度访谈后,认为构建允许护士进行自主决策的参与式的管理环境是提高护士在医院环境中的留职率的最佳策略,护理管理者主动对护理工作人员进行鼓励和表扬对维持护理队伍的稳定具有积极作用。王育红采用组织支持理论,通过组织公平、加强上级支持感、提高工作待遇等措施,对706名注册护士进行干预试验,发现利用组织支持理论进行护理人力资源管理,能够在显著提高护士工作满意度和组织支持感的同时,降低护士的离职意愿。郎红娟基于Watson 关怀理论制定人文关怀内容,对全院护理人员实施人文关怀,降低护士离职率,稳定护理队伍。段富霞通过分层次管理、培训,实行弹性排班,建立激励制度,有效赋权等干预措施对某医院336名聘用制护士进行了为期3 年的人性化管理试验,试验结束后聘用制护士的工作满意度显著提高,职意愿降低。由此可见,人性化的行政管理理念和参与式的共治管理模式能够使护理管理者的决策更贴合临床实际情况,有助于提高护士的工作满意度,降低护士离职意愿。


2.1.3 建立和谐的团队氛围

Derycke 等认为,良好的人际关系和社会支持可以促进员工的专业发展和职业成长,降低其离职意愿。Spence 等也提出,以尊重为前提的沟通,能够促进结构授权,加强员工对管理的信任,从而促进护士在医院环境中的留职。Cheng 等采用问卷对201 名注册护士进行横断面调查,并使用结构方程模型对所得数据进行验证性分析,认为医院强大的团队氛围可以帮助护士满足其角色和情感需求,增加护士的幸福感和留职率。当前研究认为,和谐的团队关系有助于打破医疗保健人员间的知识壁垒,提高资源的利用效率,减少重复劳,提高工作效率,减轻护士的工作负荷,从而降低护士的离职意愿。


2.1.4 指导职业生涯规划

对职业发展前景的不满和工作无价值感是护士离职的重要原因。指导护士进行职业生涯规划能够引导护士更好的认识自我、正视专业,有利于提高护士的执业满意度、工作效率和职业自豪感。Doran 等对加拿大安大略省359名护士进行为期5 年的队列研究,发现护理管理者在职业生涯路径规划和临床专业角色定位方面对护士进行指导有助于降低护士的离职意愿。Reitz 等和Takase等则认为,明确医院内部的晋升机制,建立更加细致的晋升系统,给予护士可感知的晋升机会,可以降低护士的离职意愿。Liu 等对2 250 名护士进行调查后提出在中国大陆实行职业阶梯模式,明确对职务的描述能够增加护士在当前医院的留职。此外,培养专科护士、个案护理师等专业人才,定期邀请国内外护理专家进行讲座和现场指导,为员工创造多渠道的国内外进修和交流机会,能够在丰富护士的专业知识,实现工作价值的同时,激励护士对职业生涯规划做出调整。多元的职业发展和明确的晋升机制是吸引护士留职,实践健康护理工作环境的根本。邵静等构建了健康护理工作环境模型并进行实践,致力于对护理工作环境进行整体优化,证实护理工作环境的改善能够提高护士的工作满意度和留职率。这些研究显示,健康的护理工作环境能够增加医院护士的留职率,减少护理人力资源的流失。然而目前我国对护理工作环境的研究尚处于起步阶段,仅有少量研究关注了护理工作环境的某一方面,鲜有对护工作环境进行整体优化的策略及实践探讨。


2.2 建立完善薪酬激励机制

作为医院内部重要的运营机制之一,薪酬激励机制一直是各级医院关注的点。“公平理论”认为,员工是否受到激励,不但与他们实际获得报酬的多寡有关,更与他们感受到的分配上的公正程度密切相关。Lei 等对2000 ~ 2015年两大中文数据库( CNKI 和Wanfang) 中有关护士离职的239 篇中文文献进行回顾,发现不平等的工作待遇会严重削弱护士的工作动机,导致护士的离职率升高。因此,当前研究倾向将薪酬激励措施与护士绩效核体系挂钩,借以实现医院内部的公平性。沈余等对医院护士绩效考核模式进行改革后,护士离率明显降低,薪酬满意度显著提高。目前国内已有多相关研究证实绩效考核能够显著提高护士的工作积极性和核心工作能力,是减少护理人力资源流失的有效对策。然而现阶段我国对绩效考核的研究多以医院为单位进行,且各医院的评价指标有所不同,尚未形成统一的绩效考核体系。部分研究的绩效考核量表尚未通过信效度检验,因此,我们有必要建立更加客观适用的临床护士绩效评价指标体系。


2.3 缓解职业倦怠

医院日常工作中大量的情绪劳动加重了护士的职业倦怠,致使护士离职意愿升高。Mackenzie 等使用正念疗法对30 名护士进行了为期4 周的干预试验,证实正念疗法对减轻护士的职业倦怠具有积极作用。唐广良等对70 名低年资护士进行随机对照试验,发现团体心理辅导有助于提高低年资护士的留职意愿。陈惠贞等对90 名护士进行随机对照试验,证实采用减压讲座、心得交流、放松训练、结成互助小组等减压措施对护士进行干预管后,护士的职业倦怠显著缓解,团队工作能力和工作积极性明显提高。这些研究表明,采取正念疗法、体心理辅导、减压讲座等措施,对护士进行压力管理,有助于降低护士的离职意愿。


2.4 加强教育培训

工作能力低下是护士产生离职意愿的危险因素,提升护士的工作能力对提高护士留职具有重要意义。Rudman 等的一项前瞻性研究显示,在对护理专业的学生进行护理教育的过程中加强实践方面的教学,做好新毕业护士入职前的准备工作,能够降低新毕业护士的离职意愿。Chen 等新晋注册护士导师计划进行的一项系统评价显示,新入职的注册护士配备提供教学、培训的导师,改新入职护士的理论知识水平和临床实践能力,对提高新入职护士的工作满意度,降低离职率和医疗事故的发生率具有积极作用。刘自娜等研究发现对新职护士进行“133”规范化培训,是促进新护士转化成为合格的临床护士,稳定护理队伍的重要措施。由此可见,提升新入职护士自身专业素质是促进护士留职,减少护理人力资源流失的重要举措。


3 小结

对护理人力资源流失率过高的问题,国内研究者重点关注薪酬激励机制的完善和人力资源配置的优化,国外研究者更加注重护士的职业生涯规划和职业自主权的提高。但均停留在探究护士离职和留职的影响因素层面,干预措施多为研究者结合影响因素推测得出。目前国内对干预措施具体实施及效果的研究较为少。研究的结果尚不具推广性。因此,验证现阶段各研究者提出的干预措施是否切实有效,为未来研究的重点,期待更多类似研究,以切实有效降低护理人力资源的流失。

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