phpinfo()
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PHP Version 5.6.40

System Windows NT iZ4r4b31413jd2Z 10.0 build 14393 (Windows Server 2016) AMD64
Build Date Jan 9 2019 15:05:36
Compiler MSVC11 (Visual C++ 2012)
Architecture x64
Configure Command cscript /nologo configure.js "--enable-snapshot-build" "--enable-debug-pack" "--disable-zts" "--disable-isapi" "--disable-nsapi" "--without-mssql" "--without-pdo-mssql" "--without-pi3web" "--with-pdo-oci=c:\php-sdk\oracle\x64\instantclient_12_1\sdk,shared" "--with-oci8-12c=c:\php-sdk\oracle\x64\instantclient_12_1\sdk,shared" "--with-enchant=shared" "--enable-object-out-dir=../obj/" "--enable-com-dotnet=shared" "--with-mcrypt=static" "--without-analyzer" "--with-pgo"
Server API CGI/FastCGI
Virtual Directory Support disabled
Configuration File (php.ini) Path C:\Windows
Loaded Configuration File D:\PHPWEB\php\php.ini
Scan this dir for additional .ini files (none)
Additional .ini files parsed (none)
PHP API 20131106
PHP Extension 20131226
Zend Extension 220131226
Zend Extension Build API220131226,NTS,VC11
PHP Extension Build API20131226,NTS,VC11
Debug Build no
Thread Safety disabled
Zend Signal Handling disabled
Zend Memory Manager enabled
Zend Multibyte Support provided by mbstring
IPv6 Support enabled
DTrace Support disabled
Registered PHP Streamsphp, file, glob, data, http, ftp, zip, compress.zlib, compress.bzip2, https, ftps, phar
Registered Stream Socket Transportstcp, udp, ssl, sslv3, tls, tlsv1.0, tlsv1.1, tlsv1.2
Registered Stream Filtersconvert.iconv.*, mcrypt.*, mdecrypt.*, string.rot13, string.toupper, string.tolower, string.strip_tags, convert.*, consumed, dechunk, zlib.*, bzip2.*
Zend logo This program makes use of the Zend Scripting Language Engine:
Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies

Configuration

bcmath

BCMath support enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
bcmath.scale00

bz2

BZip2 Support Enabled
Stream Wrapper support compress.bzip2://
Stream Filter support bzip2.decompress, bzip2.compress
BZip2 Version 1.0.6, 6-Sept-2010

calendar

Calendar support enabled

cgi-fcgi

DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
cgi.check_shebang_line11
cgi.discard_path00
cgi.fix_pathinfo11
cgi.force_redirect00
cgi.nph00
cgi.redirect_status_envno valueno value
cgi.rfc2616_headers00
fastcgi.impersonate11
fastcgi.logging11

Core

PHP Version 5.6.40
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
allow_url_fopenOnOn
allow_url_includeOffOff
always_populate_raw_post_data00
arg_separator.input&&
arg_separator.output&&
asp_tagsOffOff
auto_append_fileno valueno value
auto_globals_jitOnOn
auto_prepend_fileno valueno value
browscapno valueno value
default_charsetUTF-8UTF-8
default_mimetypetext/htmltext/html
disable_classesno valueno value
disable_functionsexec,system,passthru,popen,pclose,shell_exec,proc_open,dl,chmodexec,system,passthru,popen,pclose,shell_exec,proc_open,dl,chmod
display_errorsOffOff
display_startup_errorsOffOff
doc_rootno valueno value
docref_extno valueno value
docref_rootno valueno value
enable_dlOffOff
enable_post_data_readingOnOn
error_append_stringno valueno value
error_logsyslogsyslog
error_prepend_stringno valueno value
error_reporting2252722527
exit_on_timeoutOffOff
expose_phpOnOn
extension_dir./ext./ext
file_uploadsOnOn
highlight.comment#FF8000#FF8000
highlight.default#0000BB#0000BB
highlight.html#000000#000000
highlight.keyword#007700#007700
highlight.string#DD0000#DD0000
html_errorsOnOn
ignore_repeated_errorsOffOff
ignore_repeated_sourceOffOff
ignore_user_abortOffOff
implicit_flushOffOff
include_path.;C:\php\pear;D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\core/Extend/Vendor/.;C:\php\pear
input_encodingno valueno value
internal_encodingno valueno value
log_errorsOnOn
log_errors_max_len10241024
mail.add_x_headerOnOn
mail.force_extra_parametersno valueno value
mail.logno valueno value
max_execution_time180180
max_file_uploads200200
max_input_nesting_level6464
max_input_time6060
max_input_vars10001000
memory_limit128M128M
open_basedirno valueno value
output_buffering40964096
output_encodingno valueno value
output_handlerno valueno value
post_max_size200M200M
precision1414
realpath_cache_size16K16K
realpath_cache_ttl120120
register_argc_argvOffOff
report_memleaksOnOn
report_zend_debugOnOn
request_orderCGPCGP
sendmail_fromno valueno value
sendmail_pathno valueno value
serialize_precision1717
short_open_tagOnOn
SMTPlocalhostlocalhost
smtp_port2525
sql.safe_modeOffOff
sys_temp_dirno valueno value
track_errorsOffOff
unserialize_callback_funcno valueno value
upload_max_filesize200M200M
upload_tmp_dirD:\PHPWEB\php\temp\D:\PHPWEB\php\temp\
user_dirno valueno value
user_ini.cache_ttl300300
user_ini.filename.user.ini.user.ini
variables_orderGPCSGPCS
windows.show_crt_warningOffOff
xmlrpc_error_number00
xmlrpc_errorsOffOff
zend.detect_unicodeOnOn
zend.enable_gcOnOn
zend.multibyteOffOff
zend.script_encodingno valueno value

ctype

ctype functions enabled

curl

cURL support enabled
cURL Information 7.59.0
Age 4
Features
AsynchDNS Yes
CharConv No
Debug No
GSS-Negotiate No
IDN Yes
IPv6 Yes
krb4 No
Largefile Yes
libz Yes
NTLM Yes
NTLMWB No
SPNEGO Yes
SSL Yes
SSPI Yes
TLS-SRP No
Protocols dict, file, ftp, ftps, gopher, http, https, imap, imaps, ldap, pop3, pop3s, rtsp, scp, sftp, smb, smbs, smtp, smtps, telnet, tftp
Host x86_64-pc-win32
SSL Version OpenSSL/1.0.2q
ZLib Version 1.2.7.3
libSSH Version libssh2/1.8.0

date

date/time support enabled
"Olson" Timezone Database Version 2016.10
Timezone Database internal
Default timezone PRC
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
date.default_latitude31.766731.7667
date.default_longitude35.233335.2333
date.sunrise_zenith90.58333390.583333
date.sunset_zenith90.58333390.583333
date.timezonePRCPRC

dom

DOM/XML enabled
DOM/XML API Version 20031129
libxml Version 2.9.4
HTML Support enabled
XPath Support enabled
XPointer Support enabled
Schema Support enabled
RelaxNG Support enabled

ereg

Regex Library Bundled library enabled

exif

EXIF Support enabled
EXIF Version 1.4 $Id: cad29b729548e4206f0697710cc9e177f26fdff3 $
Supported EXIF Version 0220
Supported filetypes JPEG,TIFF
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
exif.decode_jis_intelJISJIS
exif.decode_jis_motorolaJISJIS
exif.decode_unicode_intelUCS-2LEUCS-2LE
exif.decode_unicode_motorolaUCS-2BEUCS-2BE
exif.encode_jisno valueno value
exif.encode_unicodeISO-8859-15ISO-8859-15

filter

Input Validation and Filtering enabled
Revision $Id: 5b79667bd9a68977a9b4f7505223a8e216e04908 $
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
filter.defaultunsafe_rawunsafe_raw
filter.default_flagsno valueno value

ftp

FTP support enabled

gd

GD Support enabled
GD Version bundled (2.1.0 compatible)
FreeType Support enabled
FreeType Linkage with freetype
FreeType Version 2.7.0
GIF Read Support enabled
GIF Create Support enabled
JPEG Support enabled
libJPEG Version 9 compatible
PNG Support enabled
libPNG Version 1.5.26
WBMP Support enabled
XPM Support enabled
libXpm Version 30512
XBM Support enabled
WebP Support enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
gd.jpeg_ignore_warning00

hash

hash support enabled
Hashing Engines md2 md4 md5 sha1 sha224 sha256 sha384 sha512 ripemd128 ripemd160 ripemd256 ripemd320 whirlpool tiger128,3 tiger160,3 tiger192,3 tiger128,4 tiger160,4 tiger192,4 snefru snefru256 gost gost-crypto adler32 crc32 crc32b fnv132 fnv1a32 fnv164 fnv1a64 joaat haval128,3 haval160,3 haval192,3 haval224,3 haval256,3 haval128,4 haval160,4 haval192,4 haval224,4 haval256,4 haval128,5 haval160,5 haval192,5 haval224,5 haval256,5

iconv

iconv support enabled
iconv implementation "libiconv"
iconv library version 1.14
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
iconv.input_encodingno valueno value
iconv.internal_encodingno valueno value
iconv.output_encodingno valueno value

json

json support enabled
json version 1.2.1

libxml

libXML support active
libXML Compiled Version 2.9.4
libXML Loaded Version 20904
libXML streams enabled

mbstring

Multibyte Support enabled
Multibyte string engine libmbfl
HTTP input encoding translation disabled
libmbfl version 1.3.2
mbstring extension makes use of "streamable kanji code filter and converter", which is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1.
Multibyte (japanese) regex support enabled
Multibyte regex (oniguruma) version 5.9.5
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mbstring.detect_orderno valueno value
mbstring.encoding_translationOffOff
mbstring.func_overload00
mbstring.http_inputno valueno value
mbstring.http_outputno valueno value
mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetypes^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)
mbstring.internal_encodingno valueno value
mbstring.languageneutralneutral
mbstring.strict_detectionOffOff
mbstring.substitute_characterno valueno value

mcrypt

mcrypt supportenabled
mcrypt_filter supportenabled
Version 2.5.8
Api No 20021217
Supported ciphers cast-128 gost rijndael-128 twofish cast-256 loki97 rijndael-192 saferplus wake blowfish-compat des rijndael-256 serpent xtea blowfish enigma rc2 tripledes arcfour
Supported modes cbc cfb ctr ecb ncfb nofb ofb stream
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mcrypt.algorithms_dirno valueno value
mcrypt.modes_dirno valueno value

mhash

MHASH support Enabled
MHASH API Version Emulated Support

mysql

MySQL Supportenabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 1
Client API version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mysql.allow_local_infileOnOn
mysql.allow_persistentOnOn
mysql.connect_timeout6060
mysql.default_hostno valueno value
mysql.default_passwordno valueno value
mysql.default_portno valueno value
mysql.default_socketno valueno value
mysql.default_userno valueno value
mysql.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
mysql.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited
mysql.trace_modeOffOff

mysqli

MysqlI Supportenabled
Client API library version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
Active Persistent Links 0
Inactive Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
mysqli.allow_local_infileOnOn
mysqli.allow_persistentOnOn
mysqli.default_hostno valueno value
mysqli.default_port33063306
mysqli.default_pwno valueno value
mysqli.default_socketno valueno value
mysqli.default_userno valueno value
mysqli.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
mysqli.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited
mysqli.reconnectOffOff
mysqli.rollback_on_cached_plinkOffOff

mysqlnd

mysqlndenabled
Version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $
Compression supported
core SSL supported
extended SSL not supported
Command buffer size 4096
Read buffer size 32768
Read timeout 31536000
Collecting statistics Yes
Collecting memory statistics No
Tracing n/a
Loaded plugins mysqlnd,debug_trace,auth_plugin_mysql_native_password,auth_plugin_mysql_clear_password
API Extensions mysql,mysqli,pdo_mysql
mysqlnd statistics
bytes_sent 261936
bytes_received 6781453
packets_sent 4944
packets_received 34384
protocol_overhead_in 137536
protocol_overhead_out 19776
bytes_received_ok_packet 0
bytes_received_eof_packet 0
bytes_received_rset_header_packet 20727
bytes_received_rset_field_meta_packet 0
bytes_received_rset_row_packet 13606
bytes_received_prepare_response_packet 1596752
bytes_received_change_user_packet 5135564
packets_sent_command 2426
packets_received_ok 0
packets_received_eof 0
packets_received_rset_header 2303
packets_received_rset_field_meta 0
packets_received_rset_row 2358
packets_received_prepare_response 23033
packets_received_change_user 6598
result_set_queries 2280
non_result_set_queries 60
no_index_used 1231
bad_index_used 0
slow_queries 0
buffered_sets 2280
unbuffered_sets 0
ps_buffered_sets 0
ps_unbuffered_sets 0
flushed_normal_sets 0
flushed_ps_sets 0
ps_prepared_never_executed 0
ps_prepared_once_executed 0
rows_fetched_from_server_normal 4318
rows_fetched_from_server_ps 0
rows_buffered_from_client_normal 4318
rows_buffered_from_client_ps 0
rows_fetched_from_client_normal_buffered 4318
rows_fetched_from_client_normal_unbuffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_buffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_unbuffered 0
rows_fetched_from_client_ps_cursor 0
rows_affected_normal 14
rows_affected_ps 0
rows_skipped_normal 4318
rows_skipped_ps 0
copy_on_write_saved 5887
copy_on_write_performed 63062
command_buffer_too_small 0
connect_success 23
connect_failure 0
connection_reused 0
reconnect 0
pconnect_success 0
active_connections 18446744073709551595
active_persistent_connections 0
explicit_close 22
implicit_close 0
disconnect_close 0
in_middle_of_command_close 0
explicit_free_result 2279
implicit_free_result 0
explicit_stmt_close 0
implicit_stmt_close 0
mem_emalloc_count 0
mem_emalloc_amount 0
mem_ecalloc_count 0
mem_ecalloc_amount 0
mem_erealloc_count 0
mem_erealloc_amount 0
mem_efree_count 0
mem_efree_amount 0
mem_malloc_count 0
mem_malloc_amount 0
mem_calloc_count 0
mem_calloc_amount 0
mem_realloc_count 0
mem_realloc_amount 0
mem_free_count 0
mem_free_amount 0
mem_estrndup_count 0
mem_strndup_count 0
mem_estndup_count 0
mem_strdup_count 0
proto_text_fetched_null 0
proto_text_fetched_bit 0
proto_text_fetched_tinyint 6555
proto_text_fetched_short 20515
proto_text_fetched_int24 3209
proto_text_fetched_int 4320
proto_text_fetched_bigint 45
proto_text_fetched_decimal 0
proto_text_fetched_float 0
proto_text_fetched_double 0
proto_text_fetched_date 0
proto_text_fetched_year 0
proto_text_fetched_time 0
proto_text_fetched_datetime 0
proto_text_fetched_timestamp 0
proto_text_fetched_string 29728
proto_text_fetched_blob 0
proto_text_fetched_enum 333
proto_text_fetched_set 0
proto_text_fetched_geometry 0
proto_text_fetched_other 0
proto_binary_fetched_null 0
proto_binary_fetched_bit 0
proto_binary_fetched_tinyint 0
proto_binary_fetched_short 0
proto_binary_fetched_int24 0
proto_binary_fetched_int 0
proto_binary_fetched_bigint 0
proto_binary_fetched_decimal 0
proto_binary_fetched_float 0
proto_binary_fetched_double 0
proto_binary_fetched_date 0
proto_binary_fetched_year 0
proto_binary_fetched_time 0
proto_binary_fetched_datetime 0
proto_binary_fetched_timestamp 0
proto_binary_fetched_string 0
proto_binary_fetched_json 0
proto_binary_fetched_blob 0
proto_binary_fetched_enum 0
proto_binary_fetched_set 0
proto_binary_fetched_geometry 0
proto_binary_fetched_other 0
init_command_executed_count 0
init_command_failed_count 0
com_quit 22
com_init_db 23
com_query 2358
com_field_list 0
com_create_db 0
com_drop_db 0
com_refresh 0
com_shutdown 0
com_statistics 0
com_process_info 0
com_connect 0
com_process_kill 0
com_debug 0
com_ping 0
com_time 0
com_delayed_insert 0
com_change_user 0
com_binlog_dump 0
com_table_dump 0
com_connect_out 0
com_register_slave 0
com_stmt_prepare 0
com_stmt_execute 0
com_stmt_send_long_data 0
com_stmt_close 0
com_stmt_reset 0
com_stmt_set_option 23
com_stmt_fetch 0
com_deamon 0
bytes_received_real_data_normal 5039553
bytes_received_real_data_ps 0

odbc

ODBC Supportenabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
ODBC library Win32
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
odbc.allow_persistentOnOn
odbc.check_persistentOnOn
odbc.default_cursortypeStatic cursorStatic cursor
odbc.default_dbno valueno value
odbc.default_pwno valueno value
odbc.default_userno valueno value
odbc.defaultbinmodereturn as isreturn as is
odbc.defaultlrlreturn up to 4096 bytesreturn up to 4096 bytes
odbc.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
odbc.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited

openssl

OpenSSL support enabled
OpenSSL Library Version OpenSSL 1.0.2q 20 Nov 2018
OpenSSL Header Version OpenSSL 1.0.2q 20 Nov 2018
Openssl default config c:/usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
openssl.cafileno valueno value
openssl.capathno valueno value

pcre

PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) Support enabled
PCRE Library Version 8.38 2015-11-23
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
pcre.backtrack_limit10000001000000
pcre.recursion_limit100000100000

PDO

PDO supportenabled
PDO drivers mysql, odbc, pgsql, sqlite

pdo_mysql

PDO Driver for MySQLenabled
Client API version mysqlnd 5.0.11-dev - 20120503 - $Id: 76b08b24596e12d4553bd41fc93cccd5bac2fe7a $

PDO_ODBC

PDO Driver for ODBC (Win32)enabled
ODBC Connection Pooling Enabled, strict matching

pdo_pgsql

PDO Driver for PostgreSQLenabled
PostgreSQL(libpq) Version 9.6.2
Module version 1.0.2
Revision $Id: 0e858dd2051ca8c2fd3c781909a0670ab5fecd36 $

pdo_sqlite

PDO Driver for SQLite 3.xenabled
SQLite Library 3.8.10.2

pgsql

PostgreSQL Supportenabled
PostgreSQL(libpq) Version 9.6.2
PostgreSQL(libpq) PostgreSQL 9.6.2 (win32)
Multibyte character support enabled
SSL support enabled
Active Persistent Links 0
Active Links 0
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
pgsql.allow_persistentOnOn
pgsql.auto_reset_persistentOffOff
pgsql.ignore_noticeOffOff
pgsql.log_noticeOffOff
pgsql.max_linksUnlimitedUnlimited
pgsql.max_persistentUnlimitedUnlimited

Phar

Phar: PHP Archive supportenabled
Phar EXT version 2.0.2
Phar API version 1.1.1
SVN revision $Id: 6e5cec2462a6ded53d4379ea9a69487a60d5c43c $
Phar-based phar archives enabled
Tar-based phar archives enabled
ZIP-based phar archives enabled
gzip compression enabled
bzip2 compression enabled
OpenSSL support enabled
Phar based on pear/PHP_Archive, original concept by Davey Shafik.
Phar fully realized by Gregory Beaver and Marcus Boerger.
Portions of tar implementation Copyright (c) 2003-2009 Tim Kientzle.
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
phar.cache_listno valueno value
phar.readonlyOnOn
phar.require_hashOnOn

Reflection

Reflectionenabled
Version $Id: 5f15287237d5f78d75b19c26915aa7bd83dee8b8 $

session

Session Support enabled
Registered save handlers files user
Registered serializer handlers php_serialize php php_binary wddx
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
session.auto_startOffOff
session.cache_expire180180
session.cache_limiternocachenocache
session.cookie_domainno valueno value
session.cookie_httponlyOffOff
session.cookie_lifetime00
session.cookie_path//
session.cookie_secureOffOff
session.entropy_fileno valueno value
session.entropy_length00
session.gc_divisor10001000
session.gc_maxlifetime14401440
session.gc_probability11
session.hash_bits_per_character55
session.hash_function00
session.namePHPSESSIDPHPSESSID
session.referer_checkno valueno value
session.save_handlerfilesfiles
session.save_pathD:\PHPWEB\php\temp\D:\PHPWEB\php\temp\
session.serialize_handlerphpphp
session.upload_progress.cleanupOnOn
session.upload_progress.enabledOnOn
session.upload_progress.freq1%1%
session.upload_progress.min_freq11
session.upload_progress.namePHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESSPHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS
session.upload_progress.prefixupload_progress_upload_progress_
session.use_cookiesOnOn
session.use_only_cookiesOnOn
session.use_strict_modeOffOff
session.use_trans_sid00

SimpleXML

Simplexml supportenabled
Revision $Id: d7077fc935154236afb4fe70814ba358efdbdca4 $
Schema support enabled

SPL

SPL supportenabled
Interfaces Countable, OuterIterator, RecursiveIterator, SeekableIterator, SplObserver, SplSubject
Classes AppendIterator, ArrayIterator, ArrayObject, BadFunctionCallException, BadMethodCallException, CachingIterator, CallbackFilterIterator, DirectoryIterator, DomainException, EmptyIterator, FilesystemIterator, FilterIterator, GlobIterator, InfiniteIterator, InvalidArgumentException, IteratorIterator, LengthException, LimitIterator, LogicException, MultipleIterator, NoRewindIterator, OutOfBoundsException, OutOfRangeException, OverflowException, ParentIterator, RangeException, RecursiveArrayIterator, RecursiveCachingIterator, RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator, RecursiveDirectoryIterator, RecursiveFilterIterator, RecursiveIteratorIterator, RecursiveRegexIterator, RecursiveTreeIterator, RegexIterator, RuntimeException, SplDoublyLinkedList, SplFileInfo, SplFileObject, SplFixedArray, SplHeap, SplMinHeap, SplMaxHeap, SplObjectStorage, SplPriorityQueue, SplQueue, SplStack, SplTempFileObject, UnderflowException, UnexpectedValueException

sqlite3

SQLite3 supportenabled
SQLite3 module version 0.7-dev
SQLite Library 3.8.10.2
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
sqlite3.extension_dirno valueno value

standard

Dynamic Library Support enabled
Internal Sendmail Support for Windows enabled
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
assert.active11
assert.bail00
assert.callbackno valueno value
assert.quiet_eval00
assert.warning11
auto_detect_line_endings00
default_socket_timeout6060
fromno valueno value
url_rewriter.tagsa=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentrya=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry
user_agentno valueno value

tokenizer

Tokenizer Support enabled

wddx

WDDX Supportenabled
WDDX Session Serializer enabled

xml

XML Support active
XML Namespace Support active
libxml2 Version 2.9.4

xmlreader

XMLReader enabled

xmlwriter

XMLWriter enabled

zip

Zip enabled
Zip version 1.12.5
Libzip version 0.11.2

zlib

ZLib Supportenabled
Stream Wrapper compress.zlib://
Stream Filter zlib.inflate, zlib.deflate
Compiled Version 1.2.7.3
Linked Version 1.2.7.3
DirectiveLocal ValueMaster Value
zlib.output_compressionOffOff
zlib.output_compression_level-1-1
zlib.output_handlerno valueno value

Additional Modules

Module Name

Environment

VariableValue
_FCGI_X_PIPE_ \\.\pipe\IISFCGI-d7beb0cd-4144-4f84-9cb1-0b7df8e8ec2b
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS 10000
ALLUSERSPROFILE C:\ProgramData
APPDATA C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Roaming
APP_POOL_CONFIG C:\inetpub\temp\apppools\wwwroot\wwwroot.config
APP_POOL_ID wwwroot
CommonProgramFiles C:\Program Files\Common Files
CommonProgramFiles(x86) C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
CommonProgramW6432 C:\Program Files\Common Files
COMPUTERNAME iZ4r4b31413jd2Z
ComSpec C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
LOCALAPPDATA C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS 2
OS Windows_NT
Path C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;C:\sslctlw;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps
PATHEXT .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE AMD64
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
PROCESSOR_LEVEL 6
PROCESSOR_REVISION 5504
ProgramData C:\ProgramData
ProgramFiles C:\Program Files
ProgramFiles(x86) C:\Program Files (x86)
ProgramW6432 C:\Program Files
PSModulePath C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\PowerShell\Modules\
PUBLIC C:\Users\Public
SystemDrive C:
SystemRoot C:\Windows
TEMP C:\Windows\TEMP
TMP C:\Windows\TEMP
USERDOMAIN WORKGROUP
USERNAME iZ4r4b31413jd2Z$
USERPROFILE C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile
windir C:\Windows

PHP Variables

VariableValue
_REQUEST["aid"]11599
_REQUEST["_URL_"]
Array
(
    [0] => index
    [1] => view
    [2] => aid
    [3] => 11599
)
_GET["aid"]11599
_GET["_URL_"]
Array
(
    [0] => index
    [1] => view
    [2] => aid
    [3] => 11599
)
_COOKIE["PHPSESSID"]7n3lv7rigl062eikcm0iqrubg1
_SERVER["_FCGI_X_PIPE_"]\\.\pipe\IISFCGI-d7beb0cd-4144-4f84-9cb1-0b7df8e8ec2b
_SERVER["PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS"]10000
_SERVER["ALLUSERSPROFILE"]C:\ProgramData
_SERVER["APPDATA"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Roaming
_SERVER["APP_POOL_CONFIG"]C:\inetpub\temp\apppools\wwwroot\wwwroot.config
_SERVER["APP_POOL_ID"]wwwroot
_SERVER["CommonProgramFiles"]C:\Program Files\Common Files
_SERVER["CommonProgramFiles(x86)"]C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
_SERVER["CommonProgramW6432"]C:\Program Files\Common Files
_SERVER["COMPUTERNAME"]iZ4r4b31413jd2Z
_SERVER["ComSpec"]C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
_SERVER["LOCALAPPDATA"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local
_SERVER["NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS"]2
_SERVER["OS"]Windows_NT
_SERVER["Path"]C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\Binn\;C:\sslctlw;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps
_SERVER["PATHEXT"].COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE"]AMD64
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER"]Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4, GenuineIntel
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_LEVEL"]6
_SERVER["PROCESSOR_REVISION"]5504
_SERVER["ProgramData"]C:\ProgramData
_SERVER["ProgramFiles"]C:\Program Files
_SERVER["ProgramFiles(x86)"]C:\Program Files (x86)
_SERVER["ProgramW6432"]C:\Program Files
_SERVER["PSModulePath"]C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules;D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\PowerShell\Modules\
_SERVER["PUBLIC"]C:\Users\Public
_SERVER["SystemDrive"]C:
_SERVER["SystemRoot"]C:\Windows
_SERVER["TEMP"]C:\Windows\TEMP
_SERVER["TMP"]C:\Windows\TEMP
_SERVER["USERDOMAIN"]WORKGROUP
_SERVER["USERNAME"]iZ4r4b31413jd2Z$
_SERVER["USERPROFILE"]C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile
_SERVER["windir"]C:\Windows
_SERVER["ORIG_PATH_INFO"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/11599.html
_SERVER["URL"]/admin.php
_SERVER["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]Microsoft-IIS/10.0
_SERVER["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]HTTP/1.1
_SERVER["SERVER_PORT_SECURE"]1
_SERVER["SERVER_PORT"]443
_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"]www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]/admin.php
_SERVER["SCRIPT_FILENAME"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\admin.php
_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/11599.html
_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"]GET
_SERVER["REMOTE_USER"]no value
_SERVER["REMOTE_PORT"]60267
_SERVER["REMOTE_HOST"]216.73.216.49
_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]216.73.216.49
_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"]no value
_SERVER["PATH_TRANSLATED"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\admin.php\index\view\aid\11599.html
_SERVER["PATH_INFO"]/index/view/aid/11599
_SERVER["LOGON_USER"]no value
_SERVER["LOCAL_ADDR"]172.16.121.93
_SERVER["INSTANCE_META_PATH"]/LM/W3SVC/1
_SERVER["INSTANCE_NAME"]WWWROOT
_SERVER["INSTANCE_ID"]1
_SERVER["HTTPS_SERVER_SUBJECT"]CN=www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["HTTPS_SERVER_ISSUER"]C=PL, O=Asseco Data Systems S.A., CN=Certum DV TLS G2 R39 CA
_SERVER["HTTPS_SECRETKEYSIZE"]2048
_SERVER["HTTPS_KEYSIZE"]256
_SERVER["HTTPS"]on
_SERVER["GATEWAY_INTERFACE"]CGI/1.1
_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot
_SERVER["CONTENT_TYPE"]no value
_SERVER["CONTENT_LENGTH"]0
_SERVER["CERT_SUBJECT"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_SERIALNUMBER"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_ISSUER"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_FLAGS"]no value
_SERVER["CERT_COOKIE"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_USER"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_PASSWORD"]no value
_SERVER["AUTH_TYPE"]no value
_SERVER["APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH"]D:\wwwroot\yyjg.net\wwwroot\
_SERVER["APPL_MD_PATH"]/LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT
_SERVER["IIS_UrlRewriteModule"]7.1.0871.0
_SERVER["HTTP_USER_AGENT"]Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
_SERVER["HTTP_HOST"]www.yyjg.net
_SERVER["HTTP_COOKIE"]PHPSESSID=7n3lv7rigl062eikcm0iqrubg1
_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"]gzip, br, zstd, deflate
_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT"]*/*
_SERVER["HTTP_CONNECTION"]close
_SERVER["FCGI_ROLE"]RESPONDER
_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]/admin.php/index/view/aid/11599.html
_SERVER["REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT"]1789708547.3067
_SERVER["REQUEST_TIME"]1789708547

PHP Credits

PHP Group
Thies C. Arntzen, Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Andi Gutmans, Rasmus Lerdorf, Sam Ruby, Sascha Schumann, Zeev Suraski, Jim Winstead, Andrei Zmievski
Language Design & Concept
Andi Gutmans, Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Marcus Boerger
PHP Authors
ContributionAuthors
Zend Scripting Language Engine Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski, Stanislav Malyshev, Marcus Boerger, Dmitry Stogov, Xinchen Hui, Nikita Popov
Extension Module API Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski, Andrei Zmievski
UNIX Build and Modularization Stig Bakken, Sascha Schumann, Jani Taskinen
Windows Port Shane Caraveo, Zeev Suraski, Wez Furlong, Pierre-Alain Joye, Anatol Belski
Server API (SAPI) Abstraction Layer Andi Gutmans, Shane Caraveo, Zeev Suraski
Streams Abstraction Layer Wez Furlong, Sara Golemon
PHP Data Objects Layer Wez Furlong, Marcus Boerger, Sterling Hughes, George Schlossnagle, Ilia Alshanetsky
Output Handler Zeev Suraski, Thies C. Arntzen, Marcus Boerger, Michael Wallner
SAPI Modules
ContributionAuthors
AOLserver Sascha Schumann
Apache 1.3 (apache_hooks) Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Stig Bakken, David Sklar, George Schlossnagle, Lukas Schroeder
Apache 1.3 Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Stig Bakken, David Sklar
Apache 2.0 Filter Sascha Schumann, Aaron Bannert
Apache 2.0 Handler Ian Holsman, Justin Erenkrantz (based on Apache 2.0 Filter code)
Caudium / Roxen David Hedbor
CGI / FastCGI Rasmus Lerdorf, Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Dmitry Stogov
CLI Edin Kadribasic, Marcus Boerger, Johannes Schlueter, Moriyoshi Koizumi, Xinchen Hui
Continuity Alex Leigh (based on nsapi code)
Embed Edin Kadribasic
FastCGI Process Manager Andrei Nigmatulin, dreamcat4, Antony Dovgal, Jerome Loyet
ISAPI Andi Gutmans, Zeev Suraski
litespeed George Wang
NSAPI Jayakumar Muthukumarasamy, Uwe Schindler
phpdbg Felipe Pena, Joe Watkins, Bob Weinand
phttpd Thies C. Arntzen
pi3web Holger Zimmermann
Sendmail Milter Harald Radi
thttpd Sascha Schumann
tux Sascha Schumann
WebJames Alex Waugh
Module Authors
ModuleAuthors
BC Math Andi Gutmans
Bzip2 Sterling Hughes
Calendar Shane Caraveo, Colin Viebrock, Hartmut Holzgraefe, Wez Furlong
COM and .Net Wez Furlong
ctype Hartmut Holzgraefe
cURL Sterling Hughes
Date/Time Support Derick Rethans
DB-LIB (MS SQL, Sybase) Wez Furlong, Frank M. Kromann
DBA Sascha Schumann, Marcus Boerger
DOM Christian Stocker, Rob Richards, Marcus Boerger
enchant Pierre-Alain Joye, Ilia Alshanetsky
ereg Rasmus Lerdorf, Jim Winstead, Jaakko Hyvätti
EXIF Rasmus Lerdorf, Marcus Boerger
fileinfo Ilia Alshanetsky, Pierre Alain Joye, Scott MacVicar, Derick Rethans
Firebird driver for PDO Ard Biesheuvel
FTP Stefan Esser, Andrew Skalski
GD imaging Rasmus Lerdorf, Stig Bakken, Jim Winstead, Jouni Ahto, Ilia Alshanetsky, Pierre-Alain Joye, Marcus Boerger
GetText Alex Plotnick
GNU GMP support Stanislav Malyshev
Iconv Rui Hirokawa, Stig Bakken, Moriyoshi Koizumi
IMAP Rex Logan, Mark Musone, Brian Wang, Kaj-Michael Lang, Antoni Pamies Olive, Rasmus Lerdorf, Andrew Skalski, Chuck Hagenbuch, Daniel R Kalowsky
Input Filter Rasmus Lerdorf, Derick Rethans, Pierre-Alain Joye, Ilia Alshanetsky
InterBase Jouni Ahto, Andrew Avdeev, Ard Biesheuvel
Internationalization Ed Batutis, Vladimir Iordanov, Dmitry Lakhtyuk, Stanislav Malyshev, Vadim Savchuk, Kirti Velankar
JSON Omar Kilani, Scott MacVicar
LDAP Amitay Isaacs, Eric Warnke, Rasmus Lerdorf, Gerrit Thomson, Stig Venaas
LIBXML Christian Stocker, Rob Richards, Marcus Boerger, Wez Furlong, Shane Caraveo
mcrypt Sascha Schumann, Derick Rethans
MS SQL Frank M. Kromann
Multibyte String Functions Tsukada Takuya, Rui Hirokawa
MySQL driver for PDO George Schlossnagle, Wez Furlong, Ilia Alshanetsky, Johannes Schlueter
MySQL Zeev Suraski, Zak Greant, Georg Richter, Andrey Hristov
MySQLi Zak Greant, Georg Richter, Andrey Hristov, Ulf Wendel
MySQLnd Andrey Hristov, Ulf Wendel, Georg Richter, Johannes Schlüter
OCI8 Stig Bakken, Thies C. Arntzen, Andy Sautins, David Benson, Maxim Maletsky, Harald Radi, Antony Dovgal, Andi Gutmans, Wez Furlong, Christopher Jones, Oracle Corporation
ODBC driver for PDO Wez Furlong
ODBC Stig Bakken, Andreas Karajannis, Frank M. Kromann, Daniel R. Kalowsky
OpenSSL Stig Venaas, Wez Furlong, Sascha Kettler, Scott MacVicar
Oracle (OCI) driver for PDO Wez Furlong
pcntl Jason Greene, Arnaud Le Blanc
Perl Compatible Regexps Andrei Zmievski
PHP Archive Gregory Beaver, Marcus Boerger
PHP Data Objects Wez Furlong, Marcus Boerger, Sterling Hughes, George Schlossnagle, Ilia Alshanetsky
PHP hash Sara Golemon, Rasmus Lerdorf, Stefan Esser, Michael Wallner, Scott MacVicar
Posix Kristian Koehntopp
PostgreSQL driver for PDO Edin Kadribasic, Ilia Alshanetsky
PostgreSQL Jouni Ahto, Zeev Suraski, Yasuo Ohgaki, Chris Kings-Lynne
Pspell Vlad Krupin
Readline Thies C. Arntzen
Recode Kristian Koehntopp
Reflection Marcus Boerger, Timm Friebe, George Schlossnagle, Andrei Zmievski, Johannes Schlueter
Sessions Sascha Schumann, Andrei Zmievski
Shared Memory Operations Slava Poliakov, Ilia Alshanetsky
SimpleXML Sterling Hughes, Marcus Boerger, Rob Richards
SNMP Rasmus Lerdorf, Harrie Hazewinkel, Mike Jackson, Steven Lawrance, Johann Hanne, Boris Lytochkin
SOAP Brad Lafountain, Shane Caraveo, Dmitry Stogov
Sockets Chris Vandomelen, Sterling Hughes, Daniel Beulshausen, Jason Greene
SPL Marcus Boerger, Etienne Kneuss
SQLite 3.x driver for PDO Wez Furlong
SQLite3 Scott MacVicar, Ilia Alshanetsky, Brad Dewar
Sybase-CT Zeev Suraski, Tom May, Timm Friebe
System V Message based IPC Wez Furlong
System V Semaphores Tom May
System V Shared Memory Christian Cartus
tidy John Coggeshall, Ilia Alshanetsky
tokenizer Andrei Zmievski, Johannes Schlueter
WDDX Andrei Zmievski
XML Stig Bakken, Thies C. Arntzen, Sterling Hughes
XMLReader Rob Richards
xmlrpc Dan Libby
XMLWriter Rob Richards, Pierre-Alain Joye
XSL Christian Stocker, Rob Richards
Zip Pierre-Alain Joye, Remi Collet
Zlib Rasmus Lerdorf, Stefan Roehrich, Zeev Suraski, Jade Nicoletti, Michael Wallner
PHP Documentation
Authors Mehdi Achour, Friedhelm Betz, Antony Dovgal, Nuno Lopes, Hannes Magnusson, Georg Richter, Damien Seguy, Jakub Vrana, Adam Harvey, Peter Cowburn
Editor Philip Olson
User Note Maintainers Daniel P. Brown, Thiago Henrique Pojda
Other Contributors Previously active authors, editors and other contributors are listed in the manual.
PHP Quality Assurance Team
Ilia Alshanetsky, Joerg Behrens, Antony Dovgal, Stefan Esser, Moriyoshi Koizumi, Magnus Maatta, Sebastian Nohn, Derick Rethans, Melvyn Sopacua, Jani Taskinen, Pierre-Alain Joye, Dmitry Stogov, Felipe Pena, David Soria Parra, Stanislav Malyshev, Julien Pauli, Stephen Zarkos, Anatol Belski, Remi Collet, Ferenc Kovacs
Websites and Infrastructure team
PHP Websites Team Rasmus Lerdorf, Hannes Magnusson, Philip Olson, Lukas Kahwe Smith, Pierre-Alain Joye, Kalle Sommer Nielsen, Peter Cowburn, Adam Harvey, Ferenc Kovacs, Levi Morrison
Event Maintainers Damien Seguy, Daniel P. Brown
Network Infrastructure Daniel P. Brown
Windows Infrastructure Alex Schoenmaker

PHP License

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the PHP License as published by the PHP Group and included in the distribution in the file: LICENSE

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

If you did not receive a copy of the PHP license, or have any questions about PHP licensing, please contact license@php.net.

医院经营管理网

医管智库MEDICAL TUBE

首页>医管智库>专科建设
专科医生盯疾病 全科医生从人整体出发
提交者:发表时间:2018-3-26点击次数:2808来源:

全科医生(General Practitioner),在某些国家和地区也称家庭医生(Family Physician/Family Doctor),是综合程度较高的医学人才,18-19世纪在西方国家出现,随着人口老龄化以及医学模式、健康观念的逐步转变,20世纪50-60年代开始真正得以快速发展。截止目前,全世界已有50多个国家和地区建立了全科医生制度。全科医生主要提供预防保健、常见病多发病诊疗、危急重症转诊、康复治疗和慢性病等重点人群健康管理一体化、连续化服务,是城乡居民健康的“守门人”。世界卫生组织和世界全科医生组织在一份合作文件中曾指出:“任何国家的医疗卫生系统若不是以接受过良好训练的全科医生为基础,注定要付出高昂的代价。”


1 我国全科医生制度的发展现状

我国从上世纪80年代末开始引入全科医生的概念,中华医学会全科医学分会于1993年成立,然而至今没有形成统一有效的全科医生制度。1997年,中共中央和国务院下发《关于卫生改革与发展的决定》,做出“加快发展全科医学,大力培养全科医生”的重要决策。2011年,国务院颁布了《关于建立全科医生制度的指导意见》,对我国建立全科医生制度做出了明确规定,总体目标是到2020年,基本形成统一规范的全科医生培养模式和首诊在社区的服务模式,基本实现城乡每万居民有2~3名合格的全科医生,基本适应人民群众基本医疗卫生服务需求。但是,我国全科医生队伍的现状仍然是数量不足、质量不高、培养不善、管理不严、激励不够,没有真正承担起居民“健康守门人”的角色。


本届政府推动医改的重要举措在于分级诊疗,促进医疗服务模式的转型。在我国医疗服务机构的分级结构中,处于塔尖的三级医院系统规模庞大、实力雄厚,分级诊疗的基础环节在于基层医疗服务机构的建设和完善,更进一步说,其核心在于建立一支高素质、能够真正赢得患者信赖的全科医生队伍。鉴于此,构建全科医生制度成为当前医改迫在眉睫的任务,除了借鉴欧美发达国家的现成制度以外,我们还需要充分利用后发优势,构建适应中国特色社会主义体制下的新型全科医生制度。


2 从医学演进历程看全科医生的转型需求

2.1 经验医学时代

医学最早起源于人类的生产生活经验,人们在实践过程中总结并积累起医学知识。世界各民族都有自己独特的医学知识体系,只是或多或少、或强或弱而已。在经验医学时代,医生是不分科的,每个医生都是所谓的通科医生,来了任何病人都要处理。一直到19世纪下半叶,医生仅仅只有内科和外科之分,外科医生的工作需要进入人体内,而内科医生与人体之间有一个听诊器之遥。


2.2 科学医学时代

19世纪末,随着科学的引入和技术的进步,物理学、化学、生物学等基础学科的突飞猛进,为医学的迅速发展奠定了良好的基础。医学走上不断专业细化和专科细划的道路,医学知识呈几何倍数的爆炸式增长,从此进入科学医学或称生物医学时代。各类新兴的医疗专家由于对某一方面疾病或很多罕见病的处理更加专业和安全,逐渐赢得良好的声誉和患者的青睐。创建于1890年的约翰·霍普金斯医学院在其附属医院内按专科进行临床教学,并将医教研紧密结合起来。1910年,美国教育学家Abraham Flexner发表了一篇具有历史意义的调查报告《加强生物医学教育》,极力主张加强生物医学的研究和教学,同时高度肯定和强力推荐约翰·霍普金斯医学院的做法。在这一时代,全科医生是在与专科医生的斗争和妥协中艰难发展。特别是二战以后,科学技术的迅猛发展使得专科医生的工作更加精细化和精准化,专科医生拥有较高的专业地位和较强的市场竞争力;全科医生的业务范围逐渐萎缩,其职能局限于初级保健和疾病预防等基础性工作上了。


2.3 整合医学时代

专业分工大大推动了医学的进步,提高了人类对疾病的认识,促进了自身的健康水平。但是,过度的专科化导致“只见树木,不见森林”和“只见疾病,不见病人”的问题越发突出,例如过度医疗、医疗费用激增、专科恶性竞争等。医学知识的碎片化使得医生的培养遇到极大的麻烦。整合医学(Holistic Integrative Medicine,HIM)正是在这样的历史背景下在国内率先提出,并得到国内外有识之士的广泛认可和大力提倡。《American Journal of Digestive Disease》在2014年第1卷第1期上全文发表了长达15页的整合医学文章。《中华医学杂志》、《中华消化杂志》、《中华肝病病杂志》、《中华内分泌代谢杂志》先后刊登了专栏文章介绍整合医学。


整合和分化不是相互排斥的关系,而是对立统一的有机体,就如同一个硬币的两面。分化是整合的基础,整合是分化的归宿。从这个意义上讲,医学从专业分化启动之时,整合也就自动开始了。只不过在生物医学时代,专业化带来的好处远远超过其弊端,故能持续分下去。而现在,专业化的边际收益已经接近于专业间协调的边际成本,甚至边际成本已经高于边际收益了,医学再不整合恐怕会走进死胡同。毫无疑问,整合医学将引领医学发展走向新时代,全科医生应该抓住这样的大好机遇努力实现自身转型。整合医学时代的新型全科医生不是回归经验医学时代做什么都会的万能医生,而是能够从病人整体出发进行思维,统筹和整合各种医疗卫生资源,做出对病人最正确的健康决策。


3 用整合医学定位新型全科医生

整合医学全称“整体整合医学”,是从人的整体出发,将医学各领域最先进的知识理论和临床各专科最有效的实践经验分别加以有机整合,并根据社会、环境、心理的现实进行修正、调整,使之成为更加符合、更加适合人体健康和疾病诊疗的新的医学体系。严格意义上讲,整合医学不是一种实体医学体系,而是一种认识论,一种方法学,其实施的结果是创造一种新的医学知识体系。整合医学的内涵包括整体观、整合观和医学观,三者同时存在,有机联系。新型全科医生必须站在整合医学的高度重新定位。


3.1 整体观

全科医学的真正复兴始于二战后,1947年美国家庭医生学会(American Academy of Family Physicians)成立,六年后英国也成立了全科医生学会(British College of General Practitioners)。欧美国家意识到医学专科化发展造成了全科医生的流失,而且助长了医学的“非人性化服务”。专科医生的眼睛盯着的是疾病,而全科医生必须看到病人,其工作对象是携带疾病的人,不局限于人所患的疾病。英国全科医生Health曾撰文生动地阐述了全科医学服务与医院专科服务的区别:In general practice, patients stay and diseases come and go. In hospitals, diseases stay and patients come and go.(全科服务:病人不动,疾病往来;医院服务:疾病不动,病人往来)。从这个意义上讲,全科医生作为守门人的定位层次太低,过于被动;因为守门人的活动范围局限在门线附近,防守的对象仍然是疾病。整合医学的理念要求新型全科医生必须具备人的整体观,实施对人的健康管理,承担起所辖社区居民的健康管理者角色。新型全科医生的工作贴近社区、理解居民,与服务对象互动,以人为中心提供主动、全面、连续的医疗和保健服务。他们是对所服务的社区人群健康状况最为了解健康管理专家,应该处于医学分工体系中更为重要的核心枢纽地位。


3.2 整合观

整合不是要求全科医生什么都要会,在知识爆炸和技术创新猛进的年代,没有人能成为万能医生。整合医学是要求新型全科医生具备整体的思维和整合的能力,将医学研究发现的数据和证据还原成事实,将临床实践中获得的知识和认识转化成经验,将临床探索中发现的技术和艺术聚合成医术,在事实、经验和医术这个层面来回地实践,不仅要看结果和结论,而且要看结局,这样得出的真知才是整合医学的要义所在。新型全科医生能将分裂的专科医疗服务整合起来形成综合性的整体。他们是帮助所辖社区居民组织各种医疗保健生产要素,帮助患者整合所需医疗卫生资源的专业健康代理人(Health Agent),类似于医疗卫生行业的“律师”角色。从而有效减少了患者直面专科的信息搜寻成本和试错成本,同时避免了盲目会诊的资源浪费。我们面对法律问题时一般都会先去找专业的律师处理,为何在面对健康问题时就不能先去找具有整合能力的“医学律师”呢?英国医生Drinkwater撰文指出,重塑21世纪的全科医学必须打破现有卫生保健系统的边界,让临床医生、患者、广大公众有效共享信息,共同促进健康。整合并不是对现有边界类别进行重新分类,而是将当地卫生资源和社会照护资源加以优化利用,围绕个体需求提供全面的照护。新型全科医生的作用将大大有利于资源配置的优化,有利于预防前移的实现,最终有利于人民群众健康水平的提高。


3.3 医学观

在医学界,特别是在我国,全科医生普遍被认为是低层次的初级保健提供者,俗称“万金油”;全科医学则被认为是各个学科基本知识的简单相加或者各专科知识中最基础部分的拼凑而已。这在很大程度上是由于以还原论为基础的科学引入医学后造成的误解,即科学化的医学。其实,医学不单是纯粹的科学,医学的本质应该还包括很多科学以外的东西,甚至比科学还要重要的东西。简而言之,一切与人有关的学问都可以纳入医学的范畴。从这个角度来看,全科医学应该是采用生物学、心理学、社会学、环境学、人文学等整合后的理论和观点,向个人、家庭和社区提供基本、方便、经济有效且连续的综合性卫生保健服务,进行生命、健康和疾病的全方位责任式管理。用整合医学武装的新型全科医生应该定位为高层次的健康服务者或管理者,而绝不是低级医生。


4 用整合医学培养新型全科医生

4.1 健全培养体系

要想成为具有整合医学素质的新型全科医生,必须经过系统化、规范化的培养过程。我国曾经推出“5+3”的全科医生培养模式,但实施起来并不顺利,甚至困难重重,许多省市根本招不到学生。目前,我国能够独立承担全科医学教育的医学院校也是凤毛麟角,人才成长体系的缺失是造成全科医生岗位吸引力不足的原因之一。现行全科医生的培养主要依靠对基层卫生人员的转岗培训,这种短周期的培养方式使得我国全科医生的素质与西方国家经过多年严格规范培养出的全科医生有很大差距。


英国全科医生的培养体系十分成熟,高质量的全科医生培养期限需要9-10年。其要通过医学院的学历教育5-6年,再到毕业后1年的临床实践教育,再到至少3年的继续医学教育3个阶段,直到完成系统的学习和临床培训,并向医学会申请并通过考试,才能取得全科医生的资格认证。工作后每年要参加各种医疗学术会议,并进修医学知识等等。通过系统的教育和不断学习,英国的全科医生都有很强的专业素质,能够应对各种基本的医疗诊治。英国全科医生广受尊重,其能力和贡献为业内认可,同时享有较高的待遇保障,其年收入与专科医生不相上下甚至高于专科医生。澳大利亚全科医生的培养同样是长周期、系统化、规范化。一名合格的全科医生要经过4-6年的医学本科教育,毕业后实习1年,再经历3年的全科医生职业培训,最后通过澳大利亚皇家全科医学院的评估和资格考试后方能开始执业。


4.2 改革培训教材

由于学科划分过细,现行的医学教育教材普遍存在知识过于分散,碎片化情况十分严重的现象,并且彼此重叠,不能交汇贯通。不仅学生无法将其连贯整合起来,可能连老师也做不到。教育改革,教材先行。新型全科医生作为主动的健康管理者、专业的健康代理人和高级的健康服务者,应该在接受培训的初始就牢牢树立起整体思维,不断培养其整合能力,而不是一门一门的灌输。因此,医学教材理应朝着整合医学的方向改革。我国已经率先在这方面开展了探索和实践,最近出版发行的“全国高等医学教育数字化教材”就是一部至始至终贯彻整合医学理念的教科书。它通过数字技术和网络技术,将医学各门教材(53册)有机整合,集成在一个终端平台上,让学生和老师既能统揽全貌,又能触类旁通,把医学知识真正串联、并联甚至交叉联通,形成一个完整的立体印象。这部整合医学教材,文字比过去纸质版增加了2 000多万字,图片是纸质版的10倍,特别是视频内容高达2 000余小时,是一套动静结合比较理想的教科书,目前已在60余所医科院校试用,反映良好。


4.3 改善评价制度

整合医学的根本目的是要让医学回归以人为本的本质属性。新型全科医生的评价制度不应侧重于能看多少疾病,掌握多少技术,发表多少论文,而是应该看他们能否运用整合医学的方法提升人群的健康程度,以及对整合医学的创新发展有何贡献。评价指标可以选取社区人群常见病和多发病的发病率、转诊的正确率、医疗费用的成本效益比等等,或者将各种指标综合成一个“人群健康指数”,类似于英国对全科医生考核中的质量与结果框架(Quality and Outcomes Framework,QOF)。与评价制度相对应的激励制度自然需要进行配套改革。专科医生的工作按项目定价是为了刺激他们的技术创新和发明创造,新型全科医生如果也按服务项目进行收费,显然不能准确定价他们综合性的管理工作,还会产生诸多不良问题。我们需要采取打包定价和风险溢价等方式来真实有效地反映新型全科医生的工作结果和质量。


整合医学是未来医学发展的必然方向和必由之路。全科医生必须顺应历史发展潮流乘势而上,努力实现转型,方能在变中求胜、变中求生。具备整合医学素养的新型全科医生必将在我国医疗卫生改革的攻坚克难中,为人民群众的健康福祉贡献巨大的力量。

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